Adult mortality in developing countries is always higher in rural areas than in towns and cities. This disadvantage is attributed to more unfavourable health and economic conditions in rural areas, as well as to differences in population structure. However, the migration flows to cities that accompany urbanization may modify the composition of the populations in the areas of origin and destinat...

Because of the urban heat island (UHI) effect a metropolitan area is typically warmer than its surrounding rural area. This has led to a growing concern that the use of standard (mostly rural) weather data leads to inadequate decision-making with regard to the energy efficiency of buildings in metropolitan areas. This paper conducts a series of computational studies that explore the UHI effect ...

In recent years, Nigeria witnessed significant labour migration coupled with reduction in rural agricultural productivity. Youths abandoned farms for ventures with high returns and less drudgery in cities thus labour availability in peak agricultural seasons became scarce. The declining farm population constituting mostly women and old men are not capable of producing sufficient food for the no...

BPO industry in India has witnessed huge growth over the last decade and it needs to sustain its leadership position and cost competitiveness. Rural BPO, a new trend in the BPO industry in India, can be a solution to sustain the cost competitiveness of India and also contribute to the growth of Tier II, Tier III cities and rural areas. This article tries to study the opportunities and challenge...

Purpose As global warming intensifies, climatic conditions are changing dramatically, potentially affecting specific businesses and cities’ livability. The temperature increase in cities significantly affects urban residents whose percentage is to reach about 70% by 2050. This paper aimed at highlighting the climate change risks cities, particularly focusing on threats people’s health due a con...

in this study which was carried out in 1974 in the province of isphahan a total of 23,273 individuals in the cities, and 18,671 individuals in the villages of the same area were studied. results show that the median age in rural area is 16 and in urban area is 18 years. the birth rate in rural is 27.7 per thousand were as the same rate in urban area is 40.2 per thousand. similarly the general f...

Many of the problems faced by rural communities in responding to sexual assault mirror those that confront victims and service providers who live in cities. However, issues of isolation, the levels of rural conservatism, and the denial of sexual assault within rural communities remains distinct. Rural women continue to suffer the impact of sexual assault in ways that uniquely compromise their c...

Deaths by venomous animals are medical emergencies that can lead to death and thus constitute sanitary problems in some regions of the world. In the South of America, the accidents by these animals are a common sanitary problem especially in warm, tropical or subtropical regions, related with rural work in several countries. Argentina is located in the extreme South of South America and a minor...

OBJECTIVE The study tested the hypotheses that (i) the rate of suicide by firearms among youth (aged 10-19 years) is increasing at a greater rate than rates of suicide by other methods; (ii) the rate of youth suicide in rural New South Wales is significantly higher than those in urban areas; and (iii) the increase in youth suicide by means of firearms is occurring at a greater rate in rural mal...