This study examined the reticulo-rumen characteristics of the microbial community and its fermentative characteristics in milk-fed, at weaning and finished lambs in a conventional fattening system. Five lambs were assigned to each of three groups: milk-fed lambs slaughtered at 30 days (T30), weaned lambs slaughtered at 45 days (T45) and 'finished lambs' slaughtered at 90 days (T90). At slaughte...

Organic fertilizer raw materials that can be obtained naturally and are rich in nutrients found animal slaughtering activities. Slaughtering activities generally produce waste manure, which used as material for organic fertilizer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of composition on quality fertilizers. The parameters studied were C/N, P, K, pH, temperature. four reactors with each reac...

composition and output of sheep's saliva. Biochem. J., 43, 99-109. MANN, S. O., MIASSON, F. M., AND OXFORD, A. E. 1954 Facultative anaerobic bacteria from the sheep's rumen. J. Gen. Microbiol., 10, 142-149. MONOD, J. 1950 La technique de culture continue theorie et applications. Ann. inst. Pasteur, 79, 390-410. OXFORD, A. E. AND SUGDEN, B. 1953 A reconsideration of the role of ciliate protozoa ...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether spot urine pH measured by dipstick is an accurate representation of 24 hours urine pH measured by an electrode. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed urine pH results of patients who presented to the urology stone clinic. For each patient we recorded the most recente pH result measured by dipstick from a spot urine sample that preceded the result of...

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary grain on calcium homeostasis. Six rumen-fistulated dairy cows with 3 or more previous lactations and no history of parturient paresis were randomly assigned to a sequence of diets in a crossover study with 4 periods of 10 days each. Dietary treatments were: A control ration consisting of wrap grass silage alone (1), the con...

Hydrogen is a key product of rumen fermentation and has been suggested to thermodynamically control the production of the various volatile fatty acids (VFA). Previous studies, however, have not accounted for the fact that only thermodynamic near-equilibrium conditions control the magnitude of reaction rate. Furthermore, the role of NAD, which is affected by hydrogen partial pressure (PH2), has ...

this research was conducted to estimate the amount of microbial protein synthesis in iranian buffaloes' rumen. four male swamp buffaloes with average live body weight of 140±10 kg were used in this study. four diets of 0 (control diet, 100% forage), 15, 30 and 45% concentrate in a 4 × 4 latin square were tested. the results indicated that by increasing the concentrate level in the diet of swamp...

Five crossbred steers (347 kg) were surgically fitted with rumen fistulae, hepatic portal, abdominal aorta and mesenteric catheters to measure organic acid absorption from the gut during acute [intraruminal glucose, 12 g/kg body weight (G)] or subacute [ad libitum 70% concentrate diet (C)] acidosis. Samples were taken at time 0, then every 2 h for 48 h after a switch from an alfalfa diet to C, ...

Twelve ruminally cannulated Holstein calves (age, 12 ± 3 weeks) were used to identify the effect of a probiotic comprised of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium and Clostridium butyricum on ruminal components. The calves were adapted to a diet containing a 50% high-concentrate (standard diet) for 1 week, and then, the probiotic was given once daily for 5 days (day 1-5) at 1.5 or 3.0 g...