In this paper we study optimal animal movement in heterogeneous environments consisting of several food patches in which animals trade-off energy gain versus predation risk. We derive a myopic optimization rule describing optimal animal movements by fitness maximization assuming an animal state is described by a single quantity (such as weight, size, or energy reserves). This rule predicts a cr...

Many statistical studies report p-values for inferential purposes. In several scenarios, the stochastic aspect of p-values is neglected, which may contribute to drawing wrong conclusions in real data experiments. The stochastic nature of p-values makes their use to examine the performance of given testing procedures or associations between investigated factors to be difficult. We turn our focus...

Livability is the ultimate goal of city development. However, the question of whether the changing pattern of a city’s livability follows a certain rule or not has seldom been argued. To address the question, three cities, including New York, Tokyo, and Shanghai are selected for case studies. Based on a proposed assessment framework, the long-term trend and determinants of three cities’ livabil...

This paper proposes Transform Domain Fusion Rule (TDFR) via high pass modulation using Local Magnitude Ratio (LMR) in Fast Discrete Contour let Transform (FDCT) domain. Contour let transform method uses low resolution multispectral image and Cartosat-1 Panchromatic (PAN) of spatial resolution 2.5m is used as high resolution panchromatic image. This both images are up sampled in order to resize ...

Notch deformation behaviour under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions was investigated using circumferentially notched round bar and double-notched flat plate geometries, each with two different notch concentration factors. Notch strains for the double-notched plate geometry were measured with the use of miniature strain gauges bonded to specimens made of a vanadium-based microalloyed steel...

This paper looks at whether sticky-price New Keynesian models with microfounded inertia can usefully describe US data. We estimate a range of models, considering specifications with either internal or external consumption habits, specifications containing Taylor-type rules or an optimal discretionary rule, and specifications where inflation is driven by movements in either the gap or real margi...

Last Time: We discussed quadrature rules, which are means of estimating integrals of functions using a weighted sum of function values. Among these, one of the simplest is the trapezoidal rule, which derives its name from the fact that it attempts to approximate the area under the curve using a trapezoid. Although it can be proved the accuracy of this rule increases quadratically with the numbe...

In nonparametric curve estimation, the smoothing parameter is critical for performance. In order to estimate the hazard rate, we compare nearest neighbor selectors that minimize the quadratic, the Kullback-Leibler, and the uniform loss. These measures result in a rule of thumb, a cross-validation, and a plug-in selector. A Monte Carlo simulation within the three-parameter exponentiated Weibull ...

v. dannon showed that spherical curves in e4 can be given by frenet-like equations, and he thengave an integral characterization for spherical curves in e4 . in this paper, lorentzian spherical timelike andspacelike curves in the space time 41 r are shown to be given by frenet-like equations of timelike andspacelike curves in the euclidean space e3 and the minkowski 3-space 31 r . thus, finding...

The Pittsburgh representation is a well-known encoding for symbolic classifiers in evolutionary algorithms, where each individual represents one symbolic classifier, and each symbolic classifier is composed by a rule set. These rule sets can be interpreted as ordered or unordered sets. The major difference between these two approaches is whether rule ordering defines a rule precedence relations...