The continuous students’ misbehavior necessitates careful consideration because there are several different pressures leading to adolescent at school. One of the contributing factors is peer pressure among students. This study therefore, identifies that need investigate influence on adolescents’ secondary school A sample two hundred (200) students from ten (10) schools (5 public and 5 private) ...

Mobile Ad-hoc Network has broad impact on research area from past two eras. Its structure less establishment and flexibility increases its growth of attention in the field of Ad hoc network. MANET is defined as instant alteration in network topology and constrained energy. Clustering is useful to make network more efficient and scalable in MANET. In MANET nodes are continuously change their loc...

Wireless sensor networks are networks having non wired infrastructure and dynamic topology. In OSI model each layer is prone to various attacks, which halts the performance of a network .In this paper several attacks on four layers of OSI model are discussed and security mechanism is described to prevent attack in network layer i.e wormhole attack. In Wormhole attack two or more malicious nodes...

Constant connectivity is one of the most challenging requirements modern communication networks promise to satisfy. 5G and Beyond applications proliferation Internet Things (IoT) make mobile discussed research topics present, while already moving towards design specifications development 6G services solutions. Using multi-hop patterns, nodes can move around always maintaining their in a pervasi...

Selfish hosts in wireless networks that fail to adhere to the MAC protocol may obtain an unfair share of the channel bandwidth. We present modifications to the IEEE 802.11 backoff mechanism to simplify detection of such selfish hosts. We also present a correction scheme for penalizing greedy misbehavior which attempts to restrict the misbehaving nodes to a fair share of the channel bandwidth. S...

The natural or man-made disaster demands an efficient communication and coordination among first responders for successful emergency management operations. During emergency situations such as an earthquake or a flood, the traditional telecommunication infrastructure may be damaged and may not provide adequate communication services to emergency management teams. Mobile ad hoc networks are used ...

AIS-based anomaly detection systems classically utilize the paradigm of self/non-self discrimination. In this approach, an algorithm learns self during a learning phase, therefore, such algorithms do not have the ability to cope with scenarios in which self is continuously changing with time. This situation is encountered once malicious nodes are to be detected in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET...

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-created self-organized and self-administering set of nodes connected via wireless links without the aid of any fixed infrastructure or centralized administrator. Protecting the network layer from malicious attacks is an important and challenging issue in both wired and wireless networks and the issue becomes even more challenging in the case of MANET. I...

An ad-hoc network is a multi-hop wireless network where all nodes cooperatively maintain network connectivity without a centralized infrastructure. If these nodes change their positions dynamically, it is called a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). Since the network topology changes frequently, efficient adaptive routing protocols such as AODV, DSR, and TORA are used. As the network is wireless, se...

A malicious insider in a sensor network may sabotage the network at any level of operation. While most prior work on network-layer security has focused on providing control plane integrity (specifically, routing correctness), we approach a complementary and equally important problem: data plane reliability. In a data plane attack, the attacker does not attack the routing control logic, but inst...