All signaling pathways have their complexities , but Wnt signaling may be more complex than most. There are 19 different Wnt ligands in mammals that bind to multiple types of receptors, some of which activate a canonical pathway that stabilizes the tran-scriptional coactivator ␤-catenin, and some of which signal via noncanonical, ␤-catenin– independent pathways. Roarty et al. begin to unpick th...