In this article, we defend the thesis that geographical proximity remains essential for knowledge transfer, but not often implies the co-location of innovation and research activities. The need for geographical proximity now mostly affects certain stages of the process of production, research or development. Short or medium-term visits are often sufficient for the partners to exchange the infor...

History, geography, environment, and technology influence the cultural practices and institutions of a society and vice versa. But how strongly do geography, environment, and technology correlate with culture and institutions? To add insight into this question, we use a new methodology which explores the relationship between a variety of bilateral proximity measures developed using the societie...

The permutation based index has shown to be very effective in medium and high dimensional metric spaces, even in difficult problems such as solving reverse k-nearest neighbor queries. Nevertheless, currently there is no study about which are the desirable features one can ask to a permutant set, or how to select good permutants. Similar to the case of pivots, our experimental results show that,...

JCO/APRIL 2007 A miniscrews are now widely used for incisor intrusion and posterior dental protraction. Interradicular placement of orthodontic miniscrews in the anterior region can be particularly challenging because of the chairside vantage point and the risk of root damage due to the proximity of the roots to the buccal cortical plate. Several stents for anterior miniscrew insertion have bee...

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range contactless communication standard recently emerging as cashless payment technology. However, NFC has been proved vulnerable to several threats, such as eavesdropping, data modification, and relay attacks. A relay attack forwards the entire wireless communication, thus communicating over larger distances. In this paper, we review and discuss feasi...

We present Conchord, a system for real-time automatic generation of musical harmony through navigation in a novel 12-dimensional Tonal Interval Space. In this tonal space, Euclidean distances among multi-level pitch configurations equate with their perceptual proximity, and Euclidean distances of pitch configurations from the center of the space acts as an indicator of consonance. Building upon...

Seasonal variation of adults and larvae of anophelines was studied during 2003 and 2004 in Roraima State, located in the Northern region of Brazilian Amazon. Species diversity increased with distance of capture to human dwellings. Greater diversity was found in extradomiciliary collections than in peridomiciliary or intradomiciliary. A significant association between Anopheles darlingi Root and...

The walk distances in graphs are defined as the result of appropriate transformations of the ∑∞ k=0(tA) k proximity measures, where A is the weighted adjacency matrix of a connected weighted graph and t is a sufficiently small positive parameter. The walk distances are graph-geodetic, moreover, they converge to the shortest path distance and to the so-called long walk distance as the parameter ...

UNLABELLED Causing damage to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) when extracting lower third molars is due to the intimate relationship between the nerve and the roots of the teeth. When the proximity radiologic markers between the IAN and the root of the third molars are present, the technique of coronectomy can be proposed as an alternative to extraction to minimize the risk of nerve injury, wi...