Nonsurgical endodontic therapy of a right maxillary first molar with three roots and seven root canals. This unusual morphology was diagnosed using a dental operating microscope (DOM) and confirmed with the help of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. CBCT axial images showed that both the palatal and distobuccal root have a Vertucci type II canal pattern, whereas the mesiobuccal root s...

The purpose of this report is to present a rare case of a maxillary lateral incisor exhibiting two separate root canals confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A 65-year-old female patient with an esthetic complaint regarding her maxillary left lateral incisor was referred to our clinic. During a radiographical examination, an endodontically treated root canal and an extra root canal...

The role of microorganisms in the development and maintenance of pulpal and periapical inflammation have been well documented. The success of root canal treatment largely depends on the elimination of microbial contamination from the root canal system. Although mechanical instrumentation of root canals can reduce bacterial population, effective elimination of bacteria cannot be achieved without...

Root canal configuration is an important subject in endodontic practice and dentists should be familiar with all possible types of root canal configuration. A forty-three year old male was referred for root canal treatment of his maxillary left second molar tooth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Pre-operative radiographs showed a three rooted molar. However, after access cavity preparati...

UNLABELLED As is commonly understood, the root canal morphology of the maxillary molars is usually complex and variable. It is sometimes difficult to detect the distobuccal root canal orifice of a maxillary second molar with root canal treatment. No literature related to the distobuccal root canals of the maxillary second molars has been published. OBJECTIVE To investigate the position of the...

Aims Since the inception of the cleaning and shaping concept, the use of instruments and chemicals has remained as the central paradigm of the root canal therapy. However, cleaning and shaping the root canal space adequately is a well-known difficult task, particularly in root canal systems with intercanal connections, isthmuses, and fins. Recently, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) technolo...

Mandibular premolars usually have a single root and canal. Complex root canal system with atypical variations is a common finding among them. Failure to identify such a one can affect the prognosis of endodontic treatment. Apart from knowledge and sophisticated instruments, a good clinical expertise is required in identifying, tracing and treating such a root canal system. This case report is o...

Background Successful dental root canal treatments require a complete knowledge of dental anatomy and root canal morphology. Materials and Methods One hundred and forty-five cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to assess the anatomy and morphology of mandibular premolars based on Vertucci's classifications in a defined group of dental patients in Iran. The number of roots and...

Background: If a canal is left untreated, it is a foci of infection. Therefore, it is critical to know the usual configuration of the root canal along with the variations in root canal anatomy, in order to keep the cause of endodontic failure to a minimum. Aim: This study investigated the canal configuration in maxillary first permanent molar mesiobuccal root radiographically followed by histol...

AIM To compare the results of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the irrigant flow within a prepared root canal, during final irrigation with a syringe and a needle, with experimental high-speed visualizations and theoretical calculations of an identical geometry and to evaluate the effect of off-centre positioning of the needle inside the root canal. METHODOLOGY A CFD model w...