A rooted phylogenetic tree of the kinetoplastid protozoa has been constructed that, together with a comparative analysis of editing of several genes, leads to the surprising conclusion that extensive or pan-editing with multiple overlapping guide RNAs is more ancient than 5'-editing. The mechanism of editing is still uncertain, but multiple ribonucleoprotein complexes have been identified that ...

A study was made of the nuclear RNA in HeLa cells with particular reference to the rapidly labelled fractions. It was found that if cells were incubated at a high density, that is, under 'step-down' conditions, there was a rapid accumulation of RNA in the nucleus. The fraction of the nuclear RNA which includes rapidly labelled RNA and which binds tightly to columns of methylated albumin on kies...

• An optimized protocol for obtaining and preserving RNA from blood cells is provided. • The results serve as guideline for sensitive measurement of mRNA and microRNA expression in clinical material. Assessing messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA levels in peripheral blood cells may complement conventional parameters in clinical practice. Working with small, precious samples requires optimal RNA y...

Interest in extracellular RNA (exRNA) has intensified as evidence accumulates that these molecules may be useful as indicators of a wide variety of biological conditions. To establish specific exRNA molecules as clinically relevant biomarkers, reproducible recovery from biological samples and reliable measurements of the isolated RNA are paramount. Toward these ends, careful and rigorous compar...

one of the most efficient mechanisms by which plants protect themselves from invading virusesis the specific rna-dependent silencing pathway termed post-transcriptional gene silencing(ptgs). in this mechanism, resistance to a virus is engineered through the expression of asegment of the virus genomein transgenic plants. potato virusy (pvy) is one of the mostdamaging viruses of potato, infecting...

conclusions the proliferation and invasion of human bladder cancer cells can be inhibited by rnai-targeting skp2. as a result, skp2 may be a potential target for gene therapy in cases of human bladder cancer. materials and methods the expression of the skp2 gene was knocked down by rna interference (rnai) in t24 cells. the transcription level of skp2 was detected by reverse transcription-quanti...