using telser and kataoka models of probabilistic-risky mathematical programming, the present research is to determine the optimized pattern of cultivating the agricultural products of shoshtar region under risky conditions. in order to consider the risk in the mentioned models, time period of agricultural years 1996-1997 till 2004-2005 was taken into account. results from telser and kataoka mod...

conclusions the results of this study suggested that parental monitoring and affiliation with deviant peers largely explained sexual risk taking among adolescents. therefore, prevention efforts aimed at reducing risky sex should compose of these factors. in fact, the results suggested that earlier prevention efforts may be warranted. results according to the results, about one-fifth of subjects...

OBJECTIVE To describe empirically the risky sexual behavior of an at-risk sample of adolescent girls, to assess psychosocial correlates of risky behavior, and to examine the utility of applying a risk and protective model to predicting teens' risky sexual behavior. METHOD Participants included 158 African American girls, ages 12 to 19, who were receiving medical care in an adolescent primary ...

Nicotine addiction is associated with risky behaviors and abnormalities in local brain areas related to risky decision-making such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), anterior insula (AI), and thalamus. Although these brain abnormalities are anatomically separated, they may in fact belong to one neural network. However, it is unclear whether circuit-level abnormalities lead to risky...

Title of Document: RISKY BEHAVIOR IN COLLEGE STUDENTS WITH ADHD Mary Eileen Rooney, M.S. 2010 Directed By: Andrea Chronis-Tuscano, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Psychology Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to engage in risky behavior across the lifespan than those without ADHD. College represents an important developmental phase during ...

INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to describe Danish physicians' use of alcohol and drugs, their self-reported assessment of their use of alcohol and drugs, and their management of colleagues with substance use disorder in physician workplaces. METHODS During the spring of 2014, a nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted as an anonymous, electronic survey among a randomly weighte...

Expected utility theory, prospect theory, and most other models of risky choice are based on the fundamental premise that individuals choose among risky prospects by balancing the value of the possible consequences. These models, therefore, require that the value of a risky prospect lie between the value of that prospect’s highest and lowest outcome. Although this requirement seems essential fo...

Rhesus monkeys have been shown to prefer risky over safe options in experiential decision-making tasks. These findings might be due, however, to specific contextual factors, such as small amounts of fluid reward and minimal costs for risk-taking. To better understand the factors affecting decision-making under risk in rhesus monkeys, we tested multiple factors designed to increase the stakes in...

Alarm calling is common in many species. A prevalent assumption is that calling puts the vocalizing individual at increased risk of predation. If calling is indeed costly, we need special explanations for its evolution and maintenance. In some, but not all species, callers vocalize away from safety and thus may be exposed to an increased risk of predation. However, for species that emit bouts w...