Oscillations in the electrical parameters elicited by Li+ added to the mucosal side of frog skin in vitro were studied under different experimental conditions. The correlation between the damping coefficient and the size of the externally injected current was ascertained. The size of the overall epithelial resistance in NaCl-Ringer seems to be a good indicator of the qualitative behaviour of th...

Whenever there is a need to coordinate on a global scale, solutions which work perfectly on a LAN tend to fall apart. Different ideas are needed. We present Ringer as a solution to the problem of keeping a secure, reliable, simple (and cheap) distributed filesystem working at a global scale along unreliable network connections. Furthermore, Ringer is specifically designed to facilitate distribu...

The ionic requirements for the generation of action potentials in the ventral longitudinal muscle fibres of the stick insect, Carausius morosus, were investigated. Ca-free Ringer rapidly and reversibly abolished the action potential. In the presence of tetraethylammonium (TEA) ions (to suppress outward currents) the overshoot of the action potential changed 26 mV for a 10-fold change in [Ca]0. ...

Neonatal buzağı ishallerine bir veya birden daha fazla etken neden olabilir. İshalli buzağılarda strong ion (metabolic) asidozis yaygın olarak gözükür. Strong ion asidozisle ilişkili klinik semptomlar spesifik olmayıp belirsizdir. Fakat strong ion asidozisin şiddetinin tahmininde buzağının yaşı göz önünde bulundurulabilir. Çünkü aynı klinik bulgulara sahip buzağılardan yaşamının ilk haftasındak...

Purpose: To investigate the protective effects of various resuscitating fluids on severe hemorrhagic shocked (HS) rats by comparing the expression changes of hsp90α in cardiac muscles and survival of rats. Methods: Western-blot and immunohistochemistry methods were performed to determine hsp90α expressions in cardiac muscles of HS rats following treatment with different resuscitation fluids. In...

The effect of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from presynaptic nerve terminals was investigated in bullfrog sympathetic ganglia. ATP decreased the amplitude and quantal content of fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fast e.p.s.p.s) calculated from the variance of fast e.p.s.p. amplitude in a low Ca2+-high Mg2+ Ringer solution. The frequency of miniature e...

The oxygen uptake of bovine endometrium was less when perfused with seminal plasma than when perfused with Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer solution. Dialysing the seminal plasma against Krebs\x=req-\ Ringer phosphate buffer solution did not alter the depressant action of the seminal plasma. The depressant substance was shown to be partially heat labile. Variable mineral concentrations were not re...

Accurate sexing of birds is vital for behavioral studies but can be a real problem in the field, especially for monomorphic species. Our goal here was to characterize the morphology of male and female monomorphic pale-winged starlings (Onychognathus nabouroup), a South African sturnid whose plumage is sexually monomorphic. Morphological measurements of genetically sexed animals indicated that m...

The electrical responses of axons were used to monitor the time-course of a change in the concentration of an ion species in the fluid bathing the axons in connectives of isolated cockroach nerve cords. Initial exposure of the connectives to sodium-deficient Ringer resulted in a depletion of extra-axonal sodium which was much slower than the restoration observed on return of the sodium Ringer. ...