Three important parameters in designing a closed die for forging process are ratio of width to flash thickness, ratio of  height to billet diameter and the friction factor. In this paper the influences of these parameters on the required force for the forging and percentage of die filling were investigated. It was found that by controlling the flash dimension, the material loss is reduced and t...

The study proposes processing animation simulation, FEM analysis, and experimental verification of multi-stage forging of stainless automotive battery fastener. The processing animation simulation can provide the realistic motions for each pass to realize how to work for the front punch and die. Stainless automotive battery fastener requires high dimension precision and narrow tolerance. In ord...

The last two decades have seen a “volumetric turn” within Anglophone social sciences and humanities scholarship. This turn is premised on the idea that space may be better understood in three-dimensional terms – with complex heights depths rather than as series of two-dimensional areas or surfaces. While there an increasingly diverse rich set scholarship accounting for voluminous complexities a...

We model the evolution of regional asymmetries, and the associated intra-distribution mobility, as the outcome of adoption decisions taken by firms at different locations. We characterise the following equilibria: Persistent asymmetry where nobody adopts, Leapfrogging where low quality firms adopt, Forging ahead where high quality firms adopt, and Catching up where everybody adopts. We study th...