nowadays and throughout the history, medical rights and ethics were among the most important subjects in relation with the field of medicine. women’s medical rights including issues about sickness, sex, abortion and so on are among main branches of medical ethics. it should be stated that this matter was not investigated sufficiently about ancient persia (since the beginning of historical perio...

new millennium began when half of world population is living in the cities. predictions represent that the proportion of citizenship will reach to 65 percent by 2050. one the phenomena affected by living in the cities is citizenship. citizenship phenomenon is one of the phenomena that in in the era of social political evolution in the world have received much attention. presentation of theories...

Tuberculosis (TB) persists as a major public health problem in our country. The appearance of resistant strains has complicated its control and questioned the appropriateness of the current measures towards prevention and control. An analysis from social determinants related to TB, converge on irregular treatment that generates disease persistence and appearance of resistance to TB drugs. The o...

The problem of distributing a given amount of a divisible good among a set of agents which may have individual entitlements is considered here. A solution to this problem, called the Rights–Egalitarian Solution is proposed. This allocation rule divides equally among the agents the difference between the aggregate entitlements and the amount of the good available. A relevant feature of the analy...

Using the methods of philosophical analysis and concepts from moral and political philosophy Indigenous Peoples’ human right to control access to their cultural information is defended. The concept of a “right” is delineated and different types of rights are differentiated. The method of an “overlapping consensus” is used. In attempting to articulate the moral foundation for Indigenous Peoples’...

With ubiquitous use of digital cameras, e.g. in mobile phones, privacy is no longer threatened by governments and companies only. A new threat exists by people, who take photos of unaware people with no risk and little cost anywhere in public and private spaces. Fast distribution via online communities and web pages expose an individual’s private life to the public. Social and legal measures ar...

Over the last two decades, the impact of bioethics on medical training and practice has been immense. All medical students in the UK are now required to study the theory and application of the ethical and legal duties of clinical care. Similarly, practising clinicians are expected to demonstrate an acceptable level of understanding of these duties to qualify for professional memberships and fel...