How plants perceive herbivory is not yet well understood. We investigated early responses of the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to attack from the generalist grasshopper herbivore, Schistocerca gregaria (Caelifera). When compared with wounding alone, S. gregaria attack and the application of grasshopper oral secretions (GS) to puncture wounds elicited a rapid accumulation of var...

The in vitro antifungal activity of a new triazole derivative, voriconazole, was compared with those of itraconazole and amphotericin B against 67 isolates of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Bipolaris spp., Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Pseudallescheria boydii, Rhizopus arrhizus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Sporothrix schenckii. The in vitro activitie...

Effect of aqueous leaf extracts of 8 allelopathic tree species viz., Accacia nilotica (L.) Willd ex Del., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss., Eucalyptus citriodora Hook, Ficus bengalensis L., Mangifera indica L., Melia azedarach L. and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels was studied on germination and seed-borne mycoflora of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat seeds were s...

The conditions necessary for the production of fumaric acid in 20-liter fermentors by fermentation of glucose with Rhizopus arrhizus strain NRRL 2582 were determined. Continuous neutralization of fumaric acid was necessary for optimal yields. Yields of the calcium salt were in excess of 65 g of fumaric acid from 100 g of sugar consumed during fermentation of sugar concentrations of 10 to 16%. C...

AIM This study aimed to document the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and antimicrobial validation of Thespesia populnea used by Yanadi tribe of Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was mainly focused on documentation of medicinal plants used by Yanadi tribe to treat different diseases with a standard questionnaire. These plants were cross-checked...

The in-vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole were compared with those of itraconazole and amphotericin B. MICs for 110 isolates belonging to 11 species of filamentous fungi were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) of the three antifungal ag...

It has been previously shown that triglycerides can be specifically hydrolyzed by lipase from Rhizopus arrhizus in the presence of hog liver esterase and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The glycerol produced can then be measured by sequential reactions with glycerokinase, pyruvate kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase: glycerol and ATP are converted to glycerol-3-phosphate and ADP by glycerokinase; the ADP...

The fungal air spora at Ibadan, Nigeria, was investigated by using Casella Slit Samplers. Three sites, incorporating three locations at each site, were selected for the exposure of replicate plates during sampling. To provide data on a wide range of saprophytic and pathogenic fungal spores, isolations were made on Sabouraud dextrose agar and malt agar plates incubated at 26 and 37 C. Altogether...