Background: Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and  type 2 diabetes. The most important strategy for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome is lifestyle and nutritional changes. The aim of this review study was to survey the role of pistachio in metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: Web of Science databases and Google Scholar were sear...

Cancer immunotherapy refers to any intervention that leverages the immune system to eliminate a malignancy. Successful cancer immunotherapies generate an anti-cancer response that is systemic, specific, and durable and overcome to the primary limitations of traditional cancer treatment modalities. In this review paper, the effective methods in immune system to treat cancer, such as immunosuppre...

Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan Leishmania parasites that are transmitted through female sandfly bites. The disease is predominantly endemic to the tropics and semi-tropics and has been reported in more than 98 countries. Due to the side effects of anti-Leishmania drugs and the emergence of drug-resistant isolates, there is currently no encouraging prospect of introducing an effective ther...

traumatic peripheral nerve injuries are among most important cause of physical disability among young adults. most partial injuries and some complete injuries recover without operative intervention, with early return of function appearing to be the most significant prognostic factor in these cases. return of function over time depends to a great extent on the underlying neuropathologic conditio...

irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder noted in the general population worldwide. its chronic nature, signs and symptoms which vary periodically from mild to severe have many negative effects on the quality of life for the sufferer; therefore the appropriate treatment of these patients is highly important. patients should be informed by their d...

spinal muscular atrophy (sma) is a genetic disorder which affect nervous system and is characterized with progressive distal motor neuron weakness. the survival motor neuron (smn) protein level reduces in patients with sma. two different genes code survival motor neuron protein in human genome. skeletal and intercostal muscles denervation lead to weakness, hypotony, hyporeflexia, respiratory fa...

actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive infection caused by anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria, primarily of genus actinomyces, which colonize the mouth, colon and vagina. mucosal disruption may lead to infection virtually at any sites in the body. the aim of this study was to underline different features of actinomycosis and to represent total data about etiologic agents, clinical,...

extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) is a new challenge for tuberculosis control programs. lack of effective drugs and high rate of failure in treatment and mortality is a major threat for public health. treatment of this serious infection needs well-designed individualized dosage regimen and powerful national tb program. in this review we will describe the xdr-tb definition and its...

purpose : to review current knowledge about ocular effects of sulfur mustard (sm) and the associated histopathologic findings and clinical manifestations methods : literature review of medical articles (human and animal studies) was accomplished using pubmed, scopus and isi databases. a total of 274 relevant articles in english were retrieved and reviewed thoroughly. results : eyes are the most...