Retinal vascular anomalies are a heterogeneous group consisting of congenital and acquired lesions. The visual prognosis varies in wide range from asymptomatic to advanced vision loss according the location lesion. Diagnosis is made by fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography. It may be associated with systemic diseases require detailed examination. This review ...

Background: Retinal vein occlusions are one of the most common form of retinal vascular disorders and could lead to vision loss due to macular edema, macular ischemia and sequelae from neovascularization. Anti-venous endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment is the choice strategy of treatment for patients with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). There is an ...

800x600 to report the efficacy of combination therapy (bevacizumab and photocoagulation) in a case of eales disease this study has been performed. bevacizumab (avastin, 1.25 mg/0.05 ml) was injected intravitreously for the treatment of iris and retinal neovascularization in a 56-year old hispanic female with photocoagulation treatment to control the recurrence of vitreous haemorrhage. our resul...

Glaucoma is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Despite tremendous advances in medical and surgical management of glaucoma in the recent years, the prevalence of glaucoma related blindness is anticipated to increase in the future decades because of the aging population. Stem cells have the potential to change the glaucoma management in several ways. There are several areas of ...

in this issue of irjo movassat et al1 (p: 33-38) present a case series of leber's congenital amaurosis (lca). lca is the most severe form of inherited retinal dystrophy responsible for congenital blindness with an early age of onset and accounts for at least 5% of all inherited retinal diseases which affect about one in 3500 individuals in the world. usually degenerative anomalies of the r...

Retinal vessel segmentation from retinal images is an essential task for developing the computer-aided diagnosis system diseases. Efforts have been made on high-performance deep learning-based approaches to segment in end-to-end manner. However, acquisition of and labels requires onerous work professional clinicians, which results smaller training dataset with incomplete labels. As known, data-...

Background: The natural history of ocular lesions in Behçet's disease is toward severe loss of vision/blindness in few years, whereas cytotoxic drugs have changed the outcome. Several open labeled cohort studies showed pulse cyclophosphamide (PCP) to be the best choice. Since one third of these patients are resistant to PCP it is important to know how much improvement one can expect from the r...

post cardiac surgery ophthalmic complications are uncommon, and sudden visual loss is one of the most important ophthalmic problems in these patients. we report a 54-year-old woman that suffered transient sudden bilateral visual loss seven days after orthotopic heart transplantation. in ophthalmologic examination positive findings were bilateral normal size pupils without direct and indirect pu...

Rapid eye movements entail retinal motion streaks that provide spatiotemporal continuity of objects and guide gaze correction.