during the islamic period of iran except for public complexes including buildings as bazaar, reservoir, caravansary, etc. there were burial complexes that occupy a special place in the architecture of the epoch. these complexes were first built as the burial ground of a famous political or religious figure and along the time other buildings such as mosque, madreseh (school), monastery, caravans...

In the context of ongoing transformations in society and globalization economic relations, objects spatial environment modern urban areas are also changing. The trend towards redevelopment or re-profiling direction greening increasing comfort living population is becoming more significant. These changes have become popular a number large cities Russia due to huge rate urbanization movement from...

Although urbanisation and urban land limitations are prevalent, residential complexes seldom discussed as a means of compartmentalising social interactions contributing to residents’ interactions. Due the spatial orientation interactions, semi-public spaces in these buildings unable host due lack appropriate arrangements/establishment tangible visible objects. The influential components, howeve...

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Youth exiting foster care often experience difficulties transitioning into adulthood. This paper focuses on Latino foster care youth in a major southwestern U.S. city and addresses the importance of peer networks as a crucial form of social capital as youth leave foster care. Case studies illustrate experiences of foster care alumni ranging in age from 18 to 26. Findings suggest that lack of ho...

Ancient architecture is an important cultural symbol of a nation, which has high historical, artistic and technology of cultural value. A building not only carries the creator of effort, but also the past with the future of the historical traditions and humanistic significance. It is not purely construction of artistic expression, even more the witness of the production and development of socia...

This paper analyses effects of an interest rate freeze in subprime mortgages on residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS). In particular, we study shifts in the underlying portfolio’s discounted cashflow distributions as well as changes in the payment profile of RMBS-tranches. We show that the positive effects of a rate freeze, e.g. less foreclosures and a stabilizing housing market, can ou...