Beginning in 2001, smallholder peasant households in Malawi faced two life-threatening risks: AIDS and famine. Malawi registers the 8 highest HIV/AIDS prevalence in the world (UNAIDS 2004) and is one of the continent’s least urbanized countries with 85 per cent of the national population living in rural areas. Much of the countryside has a reputation for being ‘deep rural’ in the sense that it ...

a quasi experimental study was made to determine the effect of in-service education on knowledge, attitude and behavior for controlling hospital infections among nurses aids working in teaching hospitals supervised by the ministry of medical sciences and health care services (tehran,1994).   the sample consisted of 75 randomly selected nurses aids who answered the pre and post in service educat...

December 2010, Vol. 100, No. 12 SAMJ 8. Bärnighausen T, Tanser F, Newell ML. Lack of a decline in HIV incidence in a rural community with high HIV prevalence in South Africa, 2003-2007. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009;25:405-409. 9. Bärnighausen T, Tanser F, Gqwede Z, Mbizana C, Herbst K, Newell ML. High HIV incidence in a community with high HIV prevalence in rural South Africa: findings from a...

HIV and AIDS is recognized as one of the most devastating pandemics of sub-Saharan Africa, and South Africa in particular, with adverse effect on individuals, families, schools, communities and society at large. Research is therefore required to provide a deeper understanding of the complexities of HIV and AIDS in order to mitigate the effect of the pandemic. Much of the excellent research that...

The aim of this study was to compare the HIV/AIDS knowledge and accessibility to HIV/AIDS information between blind and sighted individuals in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among rural and urban blind (57) and sighted (62) adolescents in 2006. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data about HIV/AIDS symptoms, transmission and prevention knowledge, as well as accessi...

This study examined the extent to which women accessing antenatal-care services in Botswana were offered HIV-related information and counselling and an opportunity to take an HIV test as part of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of infection, and how these women responded. Data for this study were drawn from the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey 2001, a nationally-representative sample s...

The association between poverty and HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa remains contested. A better understanding of the relationship between the prevalence of poverty and the disease is essential for addressing prevention, treatment, and care. The present study interrogates this relationship, using a cross-sectional survey of 2477 households in urban and rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Structura...

BACKGROUND South-Asian countries are considered to be a potential breeding ground for HIV epidemic. Although the prevalence of this incurable disease is low in Bangladesh, women still have been identified as more vulnerable group. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge about HIV/AIDS: its trends and associated factors among the women in Bangladesh. METHODS We analysed the nationally...

BACKGROUND Despite massive scale up of funds from global health initiatives including the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) and other donors, the ambitious target agreed by G8 leaders in 2005 in Gleneagles to achieve universal access to HIV/AIDS treatment by 2010 has not been reached. Significant barriers to access remain in former Soviet Union (FSU) countries, a...

Many young children with permanent hearing loss do not receive hearing aids and related professional services, in part because of public and private financing limitations. In 2006 the Children's Audiology Financing Workgroup was convened by the National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management to evaluate and make recommendations about public and private financing of hearing aids and relate...