Most analyses of energy-efficiency investments ignore that the value of electricity varies widely across hours. We show how much timing matters. Using novel hourly consumption data from an air conditioner rebate program in California, we find that energy savings are concentrated in high-value hours. This significantly increases the value of these investments, especially after we account for the...

Despite the important roles chief information officers (CIOs) play in developing information technology (IT) strategies and carrying out IT plans, prior research has not examined the impact of having a formal CIO position on IT investments and firm performance. Drawing on the upper echelons theory and using data from over 250 US firms over the 1999-2003 period, we address how a firm’s CIO posit...