This review discusses the social and biological factors that may influence male development from conception to adulthood and also underlie the development of health disorders. It will provide assistance to those who may be considering the formulation of a male health policy. It aims to emphasize that social determinants function on a biological background that is profoundly influenced by a male...

Children that undergo treatment for cancer are at risk of suffering from subfertility or hormonal dysfunction due to the detrimental effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents on the gonads. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue prior to treatment offers the possibility of restoring gonadal function after resumption of therapy. Effective counseling and management of pediatric patients is ...

Background: Male reproductive disorders that are of interest from an environmental point of view include sexual dysfunction, infertility, cryptorchidism, hypospadias and testicular cancer. Several reports suggest declining sperm counts and increase of these reproductive disorders in some areas during some time periods past 50 years. Materials and Methods: Except for testicular cancer this evide...

Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a global health problem. This multifaceted problem that requires the coordinated interaction of many neurotransmitters and hormones, both central peripheral. In young women with reproductive problems, first clinical signs future imbalances manifest in adolescence. Disruption adaptation mechanisms at this age leads to activation polymorphic genes, resulting mul...

Background: Adequate levels of circulating thyroid hormones are of primary importance for normal reproductive function. Thyroid dysfunction has a great impact on fertility in women. Aim: To assess the thyroid status in primary infertile women. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects comprising of 50 primary infertile women as cases and 50 age matched healthy euthyroid fertile women as co...

Adipose tissue secretes a variety of active biological substances, called adipocytokines, that act in an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine manner. They have roles in appetite control, thermogenesis, and thyroid and reproductive functions. All these molecules may lead to local and generalized inflammation, mediating obesity-associated vascular disorders including hypertension, diabetes, athero...