The mosquito repellent activity of phytochemical extracts from Peels of five citrus fruit species, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limonum,Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus reticulata and Citrus vitis, was investigated. The volatile phytochemical extracts were obtained from processed air-dried and powdered citrus fruit peels by Soxchlet extraction using Diethyl Ether as solvent. Five different concentrations...

Several phases of herbivorous insect attack including feeding and oviposition are known to induce plant defenses. Plants emit volatiles induced by herbivores to recruit insect parasitoids as an indirect defense strategy. So far, volatiles induced by herbivore walking and their putative role in the foraging behavior of egg parasitoids have not been investigated. In this paper we studied the resp...

Isoeugenol-O-methyltransferase (IEMT) is an enzyme involved in the production of the floral volatile compounds methyl eugenol and methyl isoeugenol in Clarkia breweri (Onagraceae). IEMT likely evolved by gene duplication from caffeic acid-O-methyltransferase followed by amino acid divergence, leading to the acquisition of its novel function. To investigate the selective context under which IEMT...

A preliminary screening was carried out on five plants viz., Azadirachta indica, Citrus medica, Murraya koenigii, Ocimum tenuifloreum and Ricinus communis for their repellent activity against mosquitoes. The repellent activity was studied under natural conditions in the field making use of the traditional knowledge as background. Field observations were undertaken in houses wherein dried powder...

BACKGROUND After comprehensive study of various superhydrophobic phenomena in nature, it is no longer a puzzle for researchers to realize such fetching surfaces. However, the different types of artificial surfaces may get wetted and lose its water repellence if there exist defects or the liquid is under pressure. With respect to the industry applications, in which the resistance of wetting tran...

A major interest in the gall-inducing thrips of Australia began with the discovery that some species have eusocial colonies. The origin of social castes remains one of the outstanding questions in evolutionary biology. The inference of the ancestral stage from study of solitary species is important to understanding the evolutionary history of semiochemicals in social species. Here we investigat...

Sitophilus zeamais causes significant losses to maize produce worldwide. The use of biodegradable and environmentally friendly botanicals as an alternative synthetic pesticides is increasingly becoming important. Therefore, we sought determine the plant extract formulations manage S. during storage. Crude Zanthroxylum usambarense Warburgia ugandensis stembark extracts were used for contact toxi...

Abstract Many studies in the last decades addressed antifeedant and repellent effects of neem ( Azadirachta indica )-based pesticides on arthropod herbivores with azadirachtin as leading active ingredient. However, results for aphids regarding repellence feeding were often contradictory mainly based laboratory self-made extracts high concentrations. Moreover, no data are available presence phlo...

Superamphiphobic and flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabric can significantly improve its protective properties to expand applications, such as clothing. However, creating materials is still a challenging issue. Herein, we present facile strategy fabricate superamphiphobic (SFC) via step-by-step dip-coating spraying technology. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) endows excellent flame retardancy....

Biochar is a carbon-based substance made by the pyrolysis of organic waste. The amount biochar produced determined type feedstock and conditions. frequently added to soil for various reasons, including carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas mitigation, improved crop production boosting fertility, removing harmful contaminants, drought mitigation. may also be used waste management wastewater treat...