BACKGROUND Aldosterone has emerged as a deleterious hormone in the heart, with mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade reducing mortality in patients with severe heart failure. There is also experimental evidence that aldosterone contributes to the development of nephrosclerosis and renal fibrosis in rodent models, but little is known of its role in clinical renal disease. METHODS AND RESULT...

CONTEXT The differential cortical function obtained by Tc-99m EC is comparable to that of Tc-99m DMSA. However, identification of scars on Tc-99m EC images needs to be studied. AIMS The aim of the study is to evaluate role of Tc-99m EC for detection of scarring and differential cortical function by comparing with Tc-99m DMSA. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Prospective observational study of recurrent ...

BACKGROUND The degree of renal scarring in kidney biopsy is an important prognostic factor in patients with chronic kidney diseases. We hypothesize that gene expression in the urinary sediment reflects the degree of renal damage. METHODS We studied 29 patients with chronic kidney disease who underwent kidney biopsy (12 immunoglobulin-A nephropathy and 17 glomerulosclerosis) and 10 healthy con...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common and important clinical problem in childhood and may lead to systemic illness and renal injury in the short term; with repeated infections, renal scarring, hypertension, and end-stage renal dysfunction may develop. The overall prevalence of UTI is estimated at 5% in febrile infants but varies widely by race and gender. The highest prevalence rates of ...

Nephronia or focal acute nephritis corresponds to a localized inflammatory non-liquefactive kidney infection which may involve parenchyma of one or more renal lobes. It has been suggested that nephronia is part of the spectrum of upper urinary tract infections between acute pyelonephritis and renal abscess. It is associated with a prolonged clinical course, higher levels of inflammatory markers...

AIMS Paediatric guidance on diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) has in the past largely focused on identifying children with vesicoureteral reflux, thought to be at greatest risk of renal scarring. This practice has been questioned, specifically the accepted association between UTI and end-stage renal failure (ESRF) through renal scarring. The aim of this article is to as...

INTRODUCTION The role of vitamin A in re-epithelialization of the damaged mucosal surfaces has been documented. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of vitamin A in preventing renal scaring after acute pyelonephritis in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS This clinical trial study was conducted in children with acute pyelonephritis in Mofid Children Hospital (Tehran, Iran). Patients wer...

Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) is a new anti-fibrotic target for chronic kidney disease, for its role in altering the extracellular homeostatic balance leading to excessive build-up of matrix in kidney. However, there is no confirmation that TG2 is the only transglutaminase involved, neither there are strategies to control its action specifically over that of the conserved family-members. In this stu...

We describe an uncircumcised male infant treated for urinary tract infection who exhibited multiple hormonal and electrolyte abnormalities consistent with a diagnosis of transient pseudohypoaldosteronism. Successful treatment of the urinary tract infection was accompanied by the resolution of all hormonal and electrolyte abnormalities, including hyperaldosteronemia, hyperreninemia, hyponatremia...