Purpose — This paper aims to examine the relationship between shadow economy and income inequality in Nigeria.Method The employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS), Granger causality. methodology is used avoid endogeneity heterogeneity model. gauged using two diverse indicators of Gini coefficient: index proportion household disposable market in...

Context. The source of emission from Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center, is still unknown. Flares and data from multiwavelength campaigns provide important clues about the nature of Sgr A* itself. Aims. Here we attempt to constrain the physical origin of the broadband emission and the radio flares from Sgr A*. Methods. We developed a time-dependent jet model, which for t...

abstract irregular extraction from agricultural wells around parishan lake, moreover fall of groundwater surface and water salty, would affect the level of lake water and move lake water into wells. in this study we have evaluated the externalities of extraction from agricultural wells around the lake. therefore feedback effect is considered between agricultural activity around the lake and lev...

It is widely accepted among economists, policy makers and central bankers that the main objective of macroeconomic to achieve a high sustained economic growth rate while maintaining low inflation rate. also generally believed detrimental medium long-run growth. This study thus aims at bridging these gaps in literature by examining empirically determinants credit private sector based on supply d...

We develop a new model of the U.S., the U.S. Regional Energy Policy (USREP) model that is resolved for large states and regions of the U.S. and by income class and apply the model to investigate a $15 per ton CO2 equivalent price on greenhouse gas emissions. Previous estimates of distributional impacts of carbon pricing have been done outside of the model simulation and have been based on energ...

Prediction distribution is a basis for predictive inferences applied in many real world situations. The Bayesian approach under uniform prior employed this paper to derive the prediction Simultaneous Auto-regressive model with multivariate Student-t error distribution. Conditional on set of realized responses, single and future responses have univariate distributions respectively, whose degrees...

Despite considerable progress in the past decades, protein structure prediction remains one of the major unsolved problems in computational biology. Angular-sampling-based methods have been extensively studied recently due to their ability to capture the continuous conformational space of protein structures. The literature has focused on using a variety of parametric models of the sequential de...

In this paper, we assess Bayesian model averaging (BMA) techniques for dynamic linear models (DLMs) with variance matrix discounting. In previous research, the discount factors for the variance matrices and the auto-regressive lag have typically been pre-determined and held constant over time. Using posterior model probabilities, we average DLMs employing different discount rates and lag parame...