In the assessment of the quality of surface waters, the typical procedure is that the concentration of contaminants in the surface water is monitored and subsequently compared with their respective Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPCs). If the MPCs are not exceeded the water quality is considered to be safe. But can we be certain that this is true? We compared MPCs to observed and calculate...

The production and use of chemicals is an important source of economic welfare in Ghana. However, many chemicals also enter the environment and chemical pollution remains a major environmental issue in Ghana. In Ghana, mining and agriculture remain the major contributors to chemical pollution. For mining; mercury, cyanide and arsenic are normally the reported cases of contamination. Studies hav...

Small Hsps represent a variation on the theme of protection of proteins from irreversible aggregation by reversible interaction with chaperone proteins. While different sHsps are highly heterogeneous in sequence and size, the common trait is the presence of a conserved alpha-crystallin domain. In addition sHsps assemble into large oligomeric complexes where dimers represent the basic building b...

Over the last few decades, Anzali wetland has been at risk of pollutants, especially from heavy metals. The present research analyzes some physical and chemical properties and heavy metals concentration in 27 points in nine stations of Anzali wetland. The samples of each station have been mixed, acidic digested, and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean con...

Fecal coliform bacteria are widely used as indicators of sewage contamination in surface water. However, there are some disadvantages in these microbial techniques including time consuming (18-48h) and inability in discriminating between human and animal fecal material sources. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a more specific indicator of human sanitary waste. In this study, the feasibility w...

Food contamination is a matter of serious concern, as the high concentration of chemicals present in the edibles poses serious health risks. Protecting the public from the degrees of the harmfulness of contaminated foods has become a daunting task. This article highlights the causes, types, and health implications of chemical contamination in food. The food contamination could be due to natural...

The typical U.S. refuse-to-energy facility utilizes a 600 psig, 750°F steam cycle. The ability to operate at higher steam pressure and temperature cycles, without incurring excessive corrosion, results in more kilowatts per ton of refuse and, hence, more economically at­ tractive projects. This paper represents the evolution of a 900 psig, 830°F refuse boiler from lower temper­ ature and pressu...