Quantitative chemical analysis has served as a useful tool for understanding cellular metabolisms in biology. Among many physical properties used in chemical analysis, refractive index in particular has provided molecular concentration that is an important indicator for biological activities. In this report, we present a method of extracting full-field refractive index maps of live cells in the...

abstract: in this paper, a method for determination of refractive index in membrane of fuel cell on basis of three-longitudinal-mode laser heterodyne interferometer is presented. the optical path difference between the target and reference paths is fixed and phase shift is then calculated in terms of refractive index shift. the measurement accuracy of this system is limited by nonlinearity erro...

Interferometric phase microscopy (IPM) enables to obtain quantitative optical thickness profiles of transparent samples, including live cells in-vitro, and track them in time with sub-nanometer accuracy without any external labeling, contact or force application on the sample. The optical thickness measured by IPM is a multiplication between the cell integral refractive index differences and it...

PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to develop mathematical relationships that allow obtaining equilibrium water content and refractive index of conventional and silicone hydrogel soft contact lenses from refractive index measures obtained with automated refractometry or equilibrium water content measures derived from manual refractometry, respectively. METHODS Twelve HEMA-based hydr...

We present a ray-tracing application in the modeling of an optical detection element employed as a sensor of refractive index of surrounding fluids or gases. The detection element is a solid glass microstructure having a surface of the second order. We exploit the sensitivity of internal reflection of light on the element’s surface to the refractive index of the surrounding medium, operation ne...

This paper presents an effective integration scheme of nanostructured SnO2 with the fiber optic platform for chemical sensing applications based on evanescent optical interactions. By using a triblock copolymer as a structure directing agent as the means of nano-structuring, the refractive index of SnO2 is reduced from >2.0 to 1.46, in accordance with effective medium theory for optimal on-fibe...

Over the last few years, differential phase-contrast x-ray computed tomography (PC-CT) using a hard x-ray grating interferometer and polychromatic x-ray tube sources has been developed. The method allows for simultaneous determination of the attenuation coefficient and the refractive index decrement distribution inside an object in three dimensions. Here we report experimental results of our in...

density, viscosity and refractive index of pure, binary and ternary mixtures of diethanolamine (dea) and methyl diethanolamine (mdea) with water have been measured at different temperatures from 288.15 k to 323.15 k at atmospheric pressure. also, this study presents the effects of mixture composition and temperature upon these thermo- physical properties. to measure the density and refractive i...

polythiophenes are of considerable interest as synthetic metals. the optical properties of polythiophenes can be easily affected by alkyl chain or other side groups to the thiophene ring. the effect of polymerization degree on the energy gap was studied in the case of polythiophene as a conjugated polymer at b3lyp/6-31+g(3d,3p) level of theory. up to n = 16 could be confident that this degree o...

Microfluidic devices are widely used for biomedical applications based on microscopy or other optical detection methods. However, the materials commonly used for microfabrication typically have a high refractive index relative to water, which can create artifacts at device edges and limit applicability to applications requiring high-precision imaging or morphological feature detection. Here we ...