Glutathione is present in millimolar concentrations in the cell, but its relative distribution among cellular compartments remains elusive. We have chosen the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as an example organelle to study compartment-specific glutathione levels. Using a glutaredoxin sensor (sCGrx1pER), which rapidly and specifically equilibrates with the reduced glutathione (GSH)-glutathione disul...

Evidence is presented that the activity of the hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway of red cells, assayed by r4C02 production from glucose-lJ4C, is regulated primarily by glutathione. Methemoglobin had little, if any, effect on the activity of this pathway. Increasing the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione, either by peroxidizing GSH to GSSG or by partially blocking GSH with NEM, increased ...

mammea africana sabine (guttiferae) stembark, a common plant, traditionally used to treat various diseases and ailments was evaluated for hepatoprotective potentials against paracetamol- induced liver injury in rats. the hepatoprotective effect of the stembark extract (30-90 mg/kg) was evaluated by the assay of liver function parameters: total and direct bilirubin, serum protein and albumin, to...

We tested the effects of moderate physical exercise on the blood antioxidant capacity and erythrocyte lipid peroxidation in 21 Wistar albino rats. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly (p<0.05) in control exercised animals (C-Ex), but catalase activity did not change. SOD activity was decreased by dietary supplementation of vitamin E (p<0.05). In vitamin E supp...

Ifosfamide a clinically potent chemotherapeutic agent causes depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels in different cell types. GSH is the major intracellular reductant against oxidative stress. 4-hydroxyifosfamide (4-OH-IF), the activated form of ifosfamide, depletes GSH levels in T cells and NK cells which is accompanied by a decrease in T cell and NK function. Here we demonstrate f...

Effects of Pongamia pinnata, an indigenous plant used in Ayurvedic Medicine in India on the temporal variations of circulatory lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants in ammonium chloride-(AC)-induced hyperammonemic rats has been studied. Experimental rats were divided into control, AC-treated, those treated with AC + ethanolic leaf extract of P. pinnata (PPEt), and PPEt-treated. The...

We studied the effects of mexidol (3-oxy-6-methyl-2-ethylpiridine succinate) on antioxidant glutathione system in rat brain mitochondria experimental Parkinson’s disease induced by rotenone administration. Wistar rats were divided into following groups 6 each: I - intact (control); II (3 mg/kg per day) was injected subcutaneously for 2 weeks; III after intoxication, (50 intraperitoneally weeks....

The prevalence of asthma has increased worldwide. The reasons for this rise remain unclear. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Glutathione (GSH) is the major representative of the class of nonprotein thiols and plays a pivotal role in a variety of enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions that protect tissues against oxidative stress. In antioxidative reactions, ...

Effect of superanutritional levels of selenium (Se) as sodium selenite (0.5 and 1.5 ppm) given orally to Balb/c mice for one and two weeks was observed on the rate of DNA/RNA synthesis, levels of reduced as well as oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)/glutathione-S-transferase (GSH-S-transferase) activities in spleen. Similar effect of three different concentr...

The expression of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein is extensively utilized in the study of protein-protein interactions. In the commonly used purification method, the overexpressed GST fusion protein is bound to the glutathione (GSH)-coupled resins via affinity chromatography, and then eluted by an excessive quantity of reduced GSH. However, this technique has certain limitations,...