The effective medium refractive index of a surface-bound submonolayer of polystyrene nanospheres in water is found to be ill-defined below a rather specific sphere occupied area limit. The submonolayer takes on a recognizable thickness and refractive index only when the average center separation between spheres is at or below the inverse of the wavenumber. An anticipated limit to the Maxwell Ga...

BACKGROUND Infusion fluids may be contaminated with different types of particulates that are a potential health hazard. Particulates larger than microvessels may cause an embolism by mechanical blockage and inflammation; however, it has been reported that particulates smaller than capillary diameter are relatively safe. Against such a background, one report showed that polystyrene beads smaller...

a floating polymer-supported photocatalyst based on polystyrene impregnated with titaniumdioxide particles was developed using a facile solvent-cast method at ambient temperature. the preparedphotocatalysts were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy. the photocatalytic activity of the developed photocatalysts was investigated...

background: motorcycle accidents and sport accidents lead yearly to many head injuries like head fractures and concussion. so finding the most proper helmet for reducing the injuries to head can be very helpful for head protection in such cases. methods: after 3d modeling of the helmet and head and meshing the model, a compressive impacting load of 1.31mpa was exerted on head and the model was ...

Binding curves for the adsorption of plasma fibronectin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin and bovine serum albumin to plain and to hydroxylated polystyrene surfaces were measured. These curves were correlated with the adhesion of BHK cells and leucocytes to these adsorbed protein surfaces in protein-free culture media. Hydroxylated polystyrene adsorbed less...

Activation of class F fly ash with the 10 M sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate and its geopolymeric products were analysed under quasi-isothermal mode of DSC, FTIR and TG/DTA techniques. Before adding in concrete, expanded polystyrene beads were prewetted with the styrenebutadienestyrene latex aimed at to improve their bonding with geopolymer. Lightweight mortars/concretes were made from geop...

Abstract Mouthguards are polymeric devices recommended to be used by athletes help prevent orofacial injuries. Some of the problems described when using mouthguards can addressed producing customized with thinner walls additive processing techniques. In present work, new materials for this application, such as poly(lactic acid) (rPLA) recycled from food packaging, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMM...

In this study we explore the implications of using recycled versus virgin materials for the supply chain structure and supplier relationships as well as the broader effects on operations strategy. We focus our study on the corrugated cardboard industry, where vertical integration is common, and non-integrated firms are both customers and competitors of integrated firms. These multiple supplier/...

Reducing waste material plays an essential role for engineers in the current world. Nowadays, recycled materials are going to be used in order to manufacture concrete beams. Previous studies concluded that the currently proposed formulas to predict the flexural and shear behavior of the reinforced concrete beams were not appropriate for those manufactured by recycled materials. This study aims ...