Homeobox genes encode transcription factors which play important roles in the developmental processes of many multicellular organisms. TGIFLX/Y (TGIFLX and TGIFLY) are members of the homeobox superfamily of genes. Their expressions are specifically detected in the human adult testis but their functions are remained to be investigated. In this investigation we cloned full length of TGIFLY cDNA a...

pollen from mesquite (prosopis juliflora) is one of the important causes of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. the aim of present study is to produce and purify the recombinant form of allergenic ole e 1-like protein from the pollen of this allergenic tree. immunological and cross-inhibition assays were performed for the evaluation of ige-bindin...

The mechanism of signal transduction by the estrogen receptor (ER) is complex and not fully understood. In addition to the ER, a number of accessory proteins are apparently required to efficiently transduce the steroid hormone signal. In the absence of estradiol, the ER, like other steroid receptors, is complexed with Hsp90 and other molecular chaperone components, including an immunophilin, an...

All the structural proteins (gp47, gp34, p27, p23, p16, and p12) of the murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) were simultaneously purified utilizing alkylagarose chromatography as the initial fractionation step. Least-hydrophobic MuMTV polypeptides (p23, p16) and the slightly hydrophobic p27 were separated from moderately hydrophobic proteins gp47 and p12 by passage through octylimino (C(8))-agaro...

The translational diffusion coefficient is a sensitive parameter to probe conformational changes in proteins and protein-protein interactions. Pulsed-field gradient NMR spectroscopy allows one to measure the translational diffusion with high accuracy. Two-dimensional (2D) heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy combined with diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) provides improved resolution and therefor...

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a persistent pollutant with known neurotoxic effects. We have previously shown that astrocytes accumulate MeHg and play a prominent role in mediating MeHg toxicity in the central nervous system (CNS) by altering glutamate signaling, generating oxidative stress, depleting glutathione (GSH) and initiating lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, all of these pathways can be regu...

Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important viral pathogen of cattle causing several clinical syndromes. There are usually no pathognomonic clinical signs of BVDV infection. Diagnostic investigations therefore rely on serological detection and virus isolation. Nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) as immunogenic protein of BVDV is genetically and antigenically conserved among different isolates....

Brucellosis is caused by the bacterium Brucella and affects various domestic and wild species. GroEL (Heat Shock Protein 60kDa) as one of the major antigens that stimulate the immune system, increases Brucella survival. The aim of the current study was to clone and express GroEL in Escherichia coli in order to design subunit vaccine. Amplifying was performed using specific primers. The full-len...

chicken infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes severe respiratory and renal dysfunction in chickens. in the present study, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to amplify the nucleocapsid (n) protein gene of strain massachusetts (mass) h120 of ibv that is commonly used in the vaccine production in iran. the pcr product with the expected size of 1.2 kb was cloned in...

Protein folding in cells is regulated by networks of chaperones, including the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) system, which consists of the Hsp40 cochaperone and a nucleotide exchange factor. Hsp40 mediates complex formation between Hsp70 and client proteins prior to interaction with Hsp90. We used mass spectrometry (MS) to monitor assemblies formed between eukaryotic Hsp90/Hsp70/Hsp40, Hop, p23...