This paper presents a secure real-time remote user authentication system based on dynamic handwritten signature verification. The system allows users to establish their identities to other parties in real-time via a trusted verification server. The system can be used to gain remote access to restricted content on a server or to verify a signature on a legal document. State of the art dynamic ve...

legal terms are as heritage of civilization and arising out of social developments of nations. however, public order in international law is required in international instruments and is cited repeatedly by international tribunals and authors but still have a vague concept in practice. what is studied in this article is analyze of concept and nature of international public order in considering v...

What do you do to start reading legal solutions in electronic reserves and the electronic delivery of interlibrary loan? Searching the book that you love to read first or find an interesting book that will make you want to read? Everybody has difference with their reason of reading a book. Actuary, reading habit must be from earlier. Many people may be love to read, but not a book. It's not fau...

The increasing number of sequenced genomes motivates the use of evolutionary patterns to detect genes. We present a series of comparative methods for gene nding in homologous prokaryotic or eukaryotic sequences. Based on a model of legal genes and a similarity measure between genes, we nd the pair of legal genes of maximum similarity. We develop methods based on genes models and alignment based...

law department, ferdowsi university of mashhad the importance of the exploitation contracts protecting the literary and artistic rights has, in some legal systems like france, resulted in the devising of general and common regulations about the formation of the above-mentioned contracts. however, so far no independent section has been thought of in the iranian legal system for explicating commo...

We provide a model of non-redundant credit default swaps (CDSs), building on the observation that CDSs are more liquid than bonds. CDS introduction involves a trade-o↵: It crowds out demand for the bond, but improves the bond allocation because it allows long-term investors to become levered basis traders. CDS introduction raises bond prices only when there is a significant liquidity di↵erence ...

dividing the jurists into akhbārī (traditionist) and uṣūlī (legal theorist) is the most important division that dichotomizes the imāmī jurists into two groups. in jurisprudential and legal (uṣūlī) books, there are many instances of characterizing a jurist as akhbārī or uṣūlī, but what is important in this division is the criterion for this division. what is manifested in the first place as the ...