The. theory of reduced incidence algebras of binomial posets furnishes a unified treatment of several types of generating functions that arise in enumerative combinatorics. Using this theory as a tool, we study ‘reduced covering algebras’ of binomial lattices and show that they are isomorphic to various algebras of q-binomial generating functions for certain modular binomial lattices.

Each corporate growth project is an option, in the sense that managers face choices--push ahead or pull back--along the way. Yet many companies hesitate to apply options theory to initiatives such as R&D and geographic expansion, partly because these "real" options are highly complex. In this article, the authors make the case that the complexity of real options can be eased through the use of ...

The real options capture the importance of the managerial team’s role in creating value through investment projects. The investments in real assets have a set of options that managers can exercise during the period of the project to increase the value of the assets or to limit the eventual losses. This options have their own value. The traditional methods for investment project evaluatioan, bas...

For the valuation of the renewable energy investments, providing private investors with a financial incentive to accelerate their investment is a very significant issue. Financial subsidies are known by the majority of the people to be one of the most important drivers in renewable energy expansion and one of the main reasons which result in the development of any industry. In this paper, we pr...

Investments in technology create a large amount of capital investments by major companies. Assessing such investment projects is identified as critical to the efficient assignment of resources. Viewing investment projects as real options, this paper expands a method for assessing technology investment decisions in the linkage existence of uncertainty and competition. It combines the game-theore...