abstractthe liquid crystal director distribution is determined for a confined chiral nematic slab. the molecular director distribution of the field-controlled chiral nematic slab is directly calculated. the director profiles for the tilt and the twist angles, under different applied fields, are calculated in the slab with weak boundary conditions. then, the dependence of the threshold field on ...

the log damage and value loss were examined by felling and bucking function, species, and damage type, in kheyrud forest in namkhaneh district in the hyrcanian forest of iran. in order to calculate the wood value following tree felling and bucking, 250 trees and 167 logs consisting of beech and hornbeam species were measured. there were five types of damage recorded following the tree felling o...

[1] The subduction of partially serpentinized oceanic mantle may potentially be the key geologic process leading to the regassing of Earth’s mantle and also has important consequences for subduction zone processes such as element cycling, slab deformation, and intermediate-depth seismicity. However, little is known about the quantity of water that is retained in the slab during mantle serpentin...

Coordinated cell movements in epithelial layers are essential for proper tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, but our understanding of the mechanisms that coordinate the behavior of multiple cells in these processes is far from complete. Recent experiments with Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial monolayers revealed a wave-like pattern of injury-induced MAPK activation and showed that it is e...

may be important locally, but they do not represent a dominant global pattern. Additionally, we have not evaluated the possible effects of 3D slab morphology on trench-parallel flow in the wedge (e.g., 26) or beneath the slab (14, 27). Such flow is likely important locally andmay serve to strengthen or otherwise modulate the trench-parallel flow induced by trench migration. Our model essentiall...

The effects of complex slab geometries on the surrounding mantle flow field are still poorly understood. Here we combine shear wave velocity structure with Rayleigh wave phase anisotropy to examine these effects in southern Peru, where the slab changes its geometry from steep to flat. To the south, where the slab subducts steeply, we find trench-parallel anisotropy beneath the active volcanic a...

[1] Dry slab avalanches release by propagation of shear fractures in a thin, planar weak layer underneath a cohesive, stronger slab. This implies that a balance between shear fracture toughness and the shear fracture stress intensity factor fundamentally determines snow slab stability. Conventionally, fracture toughness is a material property and, for most materials, emphasis is on tensile frac...

[1] The effect of rheology on the evolution of the slab-tip during subduction initiation is analyzed using 2-D numerical flow models. Experimentally determined flow laws have both strong temperatureand stress-dependence, which leads to large local variations in viscosity with direct consequences for subduction initiation. We find that models with Newtonian viscosity lead to flat or coupled subd...

The radiation loss in the escaping light cone with a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal slab microcavity can be suppressed by means of cladding the low-Q slab microcavity by three-dimensional woodpile photonic crystals with the complete bandgap when the resonance frequency is located inside the complete bandgap. It is confirmed that the hybrid microcavity based on a low-Q, single-defect phot...

There are many algorithms for character segmentation [1]. Many people have been making researches in segmentation of touching or overlapping character up to now, but most of algorithms cannot apply to the text region of slab management numbers marked on the slab in the steel image. Because the text regions are irregular such as touching character by strong illumination and by trouble of nozzle ...