modification of natural polymers like protein by graft co-polymerization is an important method to incorporate the desired properties into the backbone. soy protein concentrate (spc) was grafted with ethylmethacrylate (ema) using ascorbic acid /potassium persulphate as redox initiator system under pressure. different reaction parameters such as reaction time, reaction pressure, solvent amount, ...

This work addresses a reliable in situ transesterification process which integrates lipid extraction from wet microalgae, and its conversion to biodiesel, with a yield higher than 90 wt.%. This process enables single-step production of biodiesel from microalgae by mixing wet microalgal cells with solvent, methanol, and acid catalyst; and then heating them in one pot. The effects of reaction par...

We report the use of in situ Raman spectroscopy as a probe for the effect of power on microwave-promoted Suzuki coupling reactions. We find that increased initial microwave power leads to greater acceleration of the reaction but that the product yield obtained is essentially independent of initial microwave power. The application of simultaneous cooling lengthens the reaction time but does not ...

A simple model is proposed for calculating the reaction yield of a surface reaction of molecules chemisorbed on regular surfaces. An application to benzene from acetylene tricyclization on Pd(111) is performed. The analysis relies on random adsorption of acetylene on the clean crystal surface. The benzene yield is calculated in terms of the acetylene coverage. Analytical results are compared wi...

Comparative studies on chlorination and methylation reactions have been carried out to afford chloromethyl(methyl)silanes. For chlorination reactions, three types of initiators, viz., azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide have been studied at different reaction conditions, e.g., solvent, temperature, time duration of reaction and molar ratio of reactants in view to get o...

In this study molecular topology based QSAR has been applied to predict the reaction yield and anticancer activity of 18 imidazole and guanidine derivatives. Four properties were evaluated, namely reaction yield, anti prostatic-cancer activity, anti breast-cancer activity and anti lung-cancer activity. The four models have been validated by both internal and cross validation, and also by random...

A new, high yielding method for the preparation of vasicinone (7) is described. Reaction of 2-nitrobenzoic acid with N, N¢-carbonyldiimidazole followed by 2-pyrrolidinone gave 1-(2-nitrobenzoyl)pyrrolidine-2-one (3). Reduction of the latter with 10% Pd-C afforded deoxyvasicinone (4). Reaction of deoxyvasicinone (4) with bromine yielded monobromo-deoxyvasicinone (5). Exchange of bro...

some research indicates that n2 fixation in soybean cannot provide adequate nitrogen for proper yield. therefore, the effect of nitrogen and bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteria on some agronomic characteristics and quality of soybean cultivars was examined based on split plot in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in 2012 at kerman township. treatments including control (w...

In this research, (Carboxy-3-oxopropylamino)-3-propylsilylcellulose (COPAPSC) as an organocatalyst, has been synthesized by grafting of succinic anhydride on the NH2-modified cellulose (cellulose functionalized with 3- aminopropyltriethoxysilane). The –CO2H group-functionalized cellulose (COPAPSC) is used as a catalyst for the synthesis of coumarin derivatives from the reaction of phenolic subs...

The condensation of benzylamine with glyoxal leads to Hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HBIW) in acetonitrile solvent with citric acid as a green catalyst under both conventional stirring and ultrasonic irradiation conditions. The influence of four variables, including the amount of catalyst, solvent, reaction time and ultrasonic power, on the reaction yield was investigated. The results showed t...