When partially reproductively isolated species come back into secondary contact, these taxa may diverge in mating preferences and sexual cues to avoid maladaptive hybridization, a process known as reinforcement. This phenomenon often leads to reproductive character displacement (RCD) between sympatric and allopatric populations of reinforcing species that differ in their exposure to hybridizati...

P.1 ABBREVIATIONS – P.2 LIST OF PAPERS – P.5 INTRODUCTION. 1 The photosynthetic processes – P.7 1.1 Light reactions. 1.2 Carbon reactions. 2 Regulation of photosynthetic processes – P.8 2.1 Non photochemical dissipation mechanisms. 2.2 Photochemical dissipation mechanisms. 3 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant system – P.11 3.1 ROS production sites and homeostasis. 3.2 Low molecular w...

Three studies in the Coastal Plain of Georgia were remeasured 7 or 8 years after planting to determine the effects of planting depth on field performance of open-rooted seedlings [root-collar diameter (RCD) ≥ 5 mm]. Average planting depth (i.e. shoot height before planting minus shoot height above ground after planting) for machine planted P. elliottii was 14 cm while hand-planted P. taeda seed...

In prior work [4] of the first two authors with Savaré, a new Riemannian notion of lower bound for Ricci curvature in the class of metric measure spaces (X, d,m) was introduced, and the corresponding class of spaces denoted by RCD(K,∞). This notion relates the CD(K,N) theory of Sturm and Lott-Villani, in the case N = ∞, to the Bakry-Emery approach. In [4] the RCD(K,∞) property is defined in thr...

Abstract We develop a structure theory for $$\mathrm {RCD}$$ RCD spaces with curvature bounded above in Alexandrov sense. In particular, we show that any such space is topological manifold boundary whose interior equal to the set of regular points. Further points smooth and geodesically convex. Around there a...

We warmly thank Randelli and coworkers for their interest in our work.1 Our randomised, pragmatic, controlled trial compared surgical non-surgical treatments rotator cuff disease (RCD) with or without full-thickness tendon tears after unsuccessful initial rehabilitation.2 Randelli commented that the power of study lies fact potential eligible patients underwent a systematic, adequately perform...

The goal of the paper is to set foundations and prove some topological results about moduli spaces non-smooth metric measure structures with non-negative Ricci curvature in a synthetic sense (via optimal transport) on compact space; more precisely, we study RCD(0,N)-structures. First, relate convergence RCD(0,N)-structures space associated lifts' equivariant universal cover. Then construct Alba...

Current maps of compositional variation across south polar ice exposures on Mars do not resolve the meter-scales at which erosional processes are most active, ultimately limiting our understanding how deposits form and evolve they can be used to interpret long-term climate records. In this study, we use k-means clustering random forest classification identify map a set universal spectral endmem...

Modern lipidomics analysis paints a dynamic picture of membrane organizations, as changing and adapting lipid assemblies that play an active role in cellular function. This article highlights how the lipid composition of membranes determines specific organelle functions, how homeostatic mechanisms maintain these functions by regulating physical properties of membranes, and how cells disrupt lip...

In this paper, we describe the first Mandarin/Taiwanese (Min-nan) bi-lingual, continuous speech recognition system for large vocabulary or vocabulary-independent applications. A phonetic transcription system called Tong-yong Phonetic Alphabet (TYPA) is described and used to transcribe the bilingual Mandarin/Taiwanese lexicons. The Right-ContextDependent (RCD) phonetic continuous-density Hidden ...