Mestastatic prostate cancer cells (MPCCs) frequently metastasize to bone, which is a “favorite soil” for colonization and proliferation of MPCCs. Prostate cancer bone mestastasis is tightly associated with tumor-induced bone lesions, most commonly caused from the etiological imbalance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption, and from the anti-tumor immune response. ...

statement of problem: recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is one of the most common inflammatory diseases encountered in dental practice, but the precise etiology and pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood. vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) is a multifunctional angiogenic cytokine involved in angiogenesis and wound healing. there is evidence that vegf could play an importan...

There are very few studies about K-ras mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC) from developing countries such as Iran. It is therefore essential to conduct studies to learn about the molecular signature of such tumors, allowing the determination of an appropriate management plan. In the present study, we aimed to determine the frequency and types of K-ras mutations among patients with CRC in Iran....

Background and Aim: Stress has been associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The common treatment of RAS is a topical steroid. This study aimed to investigate the difference of salivary cortisol between RAS patients treated with a topi-cal steroid and those without treatment. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two female patients with RAS participated in this case-control study and were...

Ras mediates signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation and development by cycling between GTP- and GDP-bound active and inactive conformational states. Understanding the complete reaction path of this conformational change and its intermediary structures is critical to understanding Ras signaling. We characterize nucleotide-dependent conformational transition using multiple-barrier-cros...

Current knowledge on biomarkers (BRAFV600E/RAS mutations) is mainly based metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) tumors. It uncertain whether these have the same implications in deficient (dMMR) mCRC patients. Our aim to provide insight value of Lynch syndrome, BRAFV600E and RAS mutation status treatment regimens survival dMMR treated outside clinica...

Cellular and viral oncogenes are usually defined on the basis of their ability to elicit neoplastic transformation. However, oncogene activity has also been implicated in the control of differentiation. We have tested whether transfection of primary cultured granulosa cells with various oncogenes can yield cell lines that maintain their differentiated properties. Primary granulosa cells were pr...

Frequently present in pancreatic, colorectal and non-small cell lung carcinomas, oncogenic mutant K-Ras must be localised to the plasma membrane (PM) to be functional. Inhibitors of K-Ras PM localisation are therefore putative cancer chemotherapeutics. By screening a microbial extract library in a high content cell-based assay we detected the rare oligomycin class of Streptomyces polyketides as...

Constitutive activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K) and RAS signaling pathways are important events in tumor formation. This is illustrated by the frequent genetic alteration of several key players from these pathways in a wide variety of human cancers. Here, we report a detailed sequence analysis of the PTEN, PIK3CA, KRAS, HRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes in a collection of 40 hum...