A 76-year-old male Caucasian patient was treated in our hospital for acutely decompensated heart failure due to restrictive cardiomyopathy. Acute-on-chronic kidney failure developed with serum creatinine rising from 160 to 345 μmol/L (1.8-3.9 mg/dL); therefore, a kidney biopsy was performed. Besides secondary focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal amyloidosis, histological analysis show...

Autopsy specimens from human victims or experimental animals that die due to acute chlorine gas exposure present features of cardiovascular pathology. We demonstrate acute chlorine inhalation-induced reduction in heart rate and oxygen saturation in rats. Chlorine inhalation elevated chlorine reactants, such as chlorotyrosine and chloramine, in blood plasma. Using heart tissue and primary cardio...

This study determined the role of a slowly inactivating component of sodium current (I(Na)), late I(Na), to induce delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and triggered activity. We hypothesized that an increase of late I(Na) may induce not only early afterdepolarizations (EADs), but also intracellular calcium overload and DADs. Guinea pig atrial myocytes were studied using the whole cell patch-cla...

Chronic angina, a condition that impairs quality of life and is associated with decreased life expectancy, affects 6.4 million Americans.1 Current therapies that reduce angina frequency and nitrate consumption and increase the threshold at which demand-induced myocardial ischemic symptoms become evident include drugs (nitrates, -blockers, calcium antagonists), exercise conditioning, enhanced ex...

1 Mechanisms of atrial-selective block of sodium channel by ranolazine 2 I. Experimental analysis of the use-dependent block 3 4 Andrew C. Zygmunt,* Vladislav V. Nesterenko,* Sridharan Rajamani, Dan Hu, Hector 5 Barajas-Martinez, 1 Luiz Belardinelli, 2 Charles Antzelevitch 6 7 Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY and 2 Gilead Sciences, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 8 *V.V.N. and A.C.Z. contribu...

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and erectile dysfunction (ED) frequently coexist. The introduction of phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors has revolutionized medical management of organic ED; however, in patients with angina pectoris, a common symptom of CAD, coadministration of PDE-5 inhibitors and nitrates has been implicated in CAD-related deaths following sexual activity. The mechanism...

Coronary heart disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, and is responsible for approximately one of every six deaths in the US. Angina pectoris is a clinical syndrome characterized by discomfort, typically in the chest, neck, chin, or left arm, induced by physical exertion, emotional stress, or cold, and relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. The main goals of tre...

Abstract Torsade de Pointes (TdP) is a type of ventricular tachycardia that can occur as side effect several medications. The Comprehensive in vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA) novel testing paradigm utilizes single cell electrophysiological simulations to predict TdP risk for drugs could potentially be used clinically. However, the effects on mechanical performance and mechano-electrical feedba...