The bioregulatory molecule, nitric oxide (NO), was evaluated as a hypoxic cell radiosensitizer. Authentic NO gas was nearly as effective as oxygen in radiosensitizing hypoxic Chinese hamster V79 lung cells as evaluated using clonogenic assays. When NO was delivered to hypoxic Chinese hamster V79 cells using the NO-releasing agent (C2H5)2N[N(O)-NO]- Na+, radiosensitization was also observed with...

Three pairs of human tumour cell lines, with one line of each pair resistant to cisplatin, were used to compare the effects of cisplatin and ZD0473 on cellular toxicity and radiosensitization. Whilst all three cell line pairs had one line that was resistant to cisplatin, for ZD0473 the lung tumour HTB56cp and cervical carcinoma ME180 cell lines did not express resistance to their HTB56 and SHA ...

Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are the principal causes of tumor radio-resistance, dormancy and recurrence after radiotherapy. Clinical trials show hyperthermia (HT) might be a potent radiation sensitizer. In this study, CSCs were found to be more susceptible to radiation when combined with HT treatment. Treated cells showed significantly reduced self-renewal, cell survival and proliferation in ...

Autophagy is a natural self-degradative process by which cells eliminate misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. Autophagy has been shown to have multiple functions in tumor cells that may be dependent on the tumor type and the treatment conditions. Autophagy can have a cytoprotective role and be thought of as a survival mechanism or be cytotoxic in nature and mediate cell death. Radiation, ...

Introduction: A main choice for cancer treatment is radiotherapy. But, the radiotherapy disadvantage is damages caused by radiation given to normal tissues/organs surrounding cancer. One way to avoid this is via increasing radiosensitization of cancer cells. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown sensitizing effect on cancer cells by enhancing their absorbed dose. Unlike earlier ...

The aim of this study was to develop a novel multifunctional nanoparticle, which encapsulates SPION and Gemcitabine in PLGA±PEG to form multifunctional drug delivery system. For this aim, super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized and encapsulated simultaneously with Gemcitabine (Gem) in PLGA±PEG copolymers via W/O/W double emulsification method. Optimum size and enca...

The aim of this study was to develop a novel multifunctional nanoparticle, which encapsulates SPION and Gemcitabine in PLGA±PEG to form multifunctional drug delivery system. For this aim, super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized and encapsulated simultaneously with Gemcitabine (Gem) in PLGA±PEG copolymers via W/O/W double emulsification method. Optimum size and enca...

Since observations from the beginning of the last century, it has become well established that solid tumors may contain oxygen-deficient hypoxic areas and that cells in such areas may cause tumors to become radioresistant. Identifying hypoxic cells in human tumors has improved by the help of new imaging and physiologic techniques, and a substantial amount of data indicates the presence of hypox...