background: in conventional radiation therapy, regarding normal tissue tolerance, the treatment of bulk tumors is one of the remaining challenges. grid radiation therapy (grt) is a technique to deliver high doses, approximately 15 – 20 gy per fraction, to several small volumes located in a large radiation field. this can be performed using a grid block. the current work has concentrated on the ...

In order to evaluate the results of abdominal radiation plus chemotherapy in cases with stage II and III of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease in comparison to chemotherapy alone, fifty-one patients referred to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences' affiliated hospitals were studied between 1980 and 1994. Out of them 38 patients who had an abdominal mass were gathered into two gro...

Silicon carbide represents a class of semiconductors, due to its polytypism. Besides its properties of interest for semiconductor devices, sometimes better than silicon and diamond, it is supposed to have a good radiation tolerance. In the present work, the bulk degradation of SiC in hadron fields (pions and protons), in the energy range between 100 MeV and 10 GeV has been estimated theoretical...

Genomic DNA stores all genetic information and is indispensable for maintenance of normal cellular activity and propagation. Radiation causes severe DNA lesions, including double-strand breaks, and leads to genome instability and even lethality. Regardless of the toxicity of radiation, some organisms exhibit extraordinary tolerance against radiation. These organisms are supposed to possess spec...

Optical link components in the SLHC inner detectors are to be exposed to intense radiation fields during operation, and, hence, their qualification in terms of radiation tolerance is required. We have created a model that describes a semiconductor laser undergoing irradiation to enable the extrapolation to full lifetime total fluences from lower fluence radiation tests. This model uses a rate-e...

Radiation protection regulations have been established to reduce exposure of individuals to acceptable safe levels. These limits assume that people have similar responses to ionizing radiation and that there is no variation in individual radiation risk. The purpose of this research was to determine if apoptosis in lymphocytes can be used to assess individual sensitivity to ionizing radiation. B...

-Evidence is presented that microscopic tumours (of a transplantable murine mammary carcinoma, M8013X) grow faster than larger, palpable, tumours. Microscopic tumours are also more radiosensitive than larger tumours. The decrease in radiosensitivity in larger tumours is prevented to a large extent by misonidazole, which has no significant effect on the radiosensitivity of microscopic tumours. T...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161700.].

Radiotherapy is the most common treatment of cancer. It is also practised in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Although many cases are successfully treated, failures in local control do occur and even a modest improvement in the relative radiosensitivity of tumour cells would result in a substantial therapeutic gain. In addition, the presently practised fractionated dose schedule ...

The skin represented the dose-limiting organ in radiotherapy over long periods of time. In the first third of the 20th century, radiotherapy was associated with deposition of significant radiation doses in the superficial compartments of the skin. Therefore, all major radiobiological principles, such as effects of fractionation on radiation sensitivity or volume/area effects, were initially bas...