Neural stem cells with self-renewal and multilineage potential persist in the subventricular zone of the adult mammalian forebrain. These cells remain relatively quiescent but, under certain conditions, can be stimulated, giving rise to new neurons. Liver growth factor (LGF) is a mitogen for liver cells that shows biological activity in extrahepatic sites and is useful for neuroregenerative the...

Abstract The Xianshuihe Fault Zone is one of the most historically seismically active regions in mainland China. However, seismicity along this fault zone has been quiescent for past 40 years, since Daofu M 6.9 earthquake 1981. Understanding its current deformation patterns and coupling characteristics great significance to estimate potential risk strong earthquakes. In study, we analyzed dynam...

In many subduction zones, the plate interface hosts intermittent, low-frequency, low-magnitude seismic tremor and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs). Seismic activity clusters in episodic bursts that migrate along fault zone complex ways. Geological structures fossil source regions testify to large pervasive variations of fluid pressure permeability. Here, we explore potential transients a permea...

We have used whole mount immunofluorescence labelling with the antibody 4G3, raised against the human snRNP-specific protein U2B", and whole mount in situ hybridization with an anti-sense probe to a conserved region of U2 snRNA, in combination with confocal microscopy, to examine the organization of spliceosomal components throughout the development of the Arabidopsis thaliana root epidermis. W...

Indirect immunofluorescence using a-tubulin antibodies applied to sections of maize roots prepared using low melting point wax was found to give excellent visualisation of both cortical and endoplasmic microtubule (MT) arrays. This allows, for the first time, these arrays to be investigated in cells of the different tissues at various stages of their growth and development. Many cells in the zo...

The role of multipotential progenitors and neural stem cells in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) as cell-of-origin of glioblastoma has been suggested by studies on human tumors and transgenic mice. However, it is still unknown whether glial tumors are generated by all of the heterogeneous SVZ cell types or only by specific subpopulations of cells. It has been proposed that transformation cou...

Geophysical observations have shown that transient slow slip events, with average slip speeds v on the order of 10−8 to 10−7 m/s, occur in some subduction zones. These slip events occur on the same faults but at greater depth than large earthquakes (with slip speeds of order ∼ 1 m/s). We explore the hypothesis that whether slip is slow or fast depends on the competition between dilatancy, which...

Cellular pathways that contribute to adult human mammary gland architecture and lineages have not been previously described. In this study, we identify a candidate stem cell niche in ducts and zones containing progenitor cells in lobules. Putative stem cells residing in ducts were essentially quiescent, whereas the progenitor cells in the lobules were more likely to be actively dividing. Cells ...

Large earthquakes are sometimes observed to trigger other large earthquakes on nearby faults. The magnitudes of the calculated Coulomb stress transfers presumed to cause the triggering are 10 –10 3 of the earthquake stress drops. The earthquake stress drops and the triggering delay times are similarly small with respect to the natural recurrence time of the earthquakes. This requires that both ...

Abstract Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) must tightly regulate quiescence and proliferation. Single-cell analysis has suggested a continuum of cell states as NSCs exit quiescence. Here we capture characterize in vitro primed quiescent identify LRIG1 an important regulator. We show that BMP-4 signaling induces dormant non-cycling state (d-qNSCs), whereas combined BMP-4/FGF-2 distinct poised for c...