PURPOSE To determine the relative contributions of inner and outer retinal photoreception to the pupillary light response. METHODS Wild-type, retinal degenerate (rd/rd), and melanopsin mutant (opn4(-/-)) mice were tested for pupillary light responsiveness by video pupillometry before, during, and after exposure to supersaturating light intensities. Similar lighting protocols were used to prob...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of nebulized ipratropium bromide on intraocular pressures and pupillary responses in children with asthma. DESIGN A double-blind, randomized, crossover study. SETTING Children's Hospital of Winnipeg, University of Manitoba. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS Age 6 to 17 years with asthma. INTERVENTION Nebulized ipratropium bromide added to albuterol sulfate...

Patients with congenital achromatopsia and congenital stationary night blindness have been known to show a transient pupillary constriction to darkness. We examined 50 normal subjects and 108 patients with retinal and optic nerve dysfunction to see if any had an initial pupillary constriction to darkness. We used a new infrared television apparatus. Four patients with congenital stationary nigh...

Trarumatic brain injuries (TBIs) affect more than 1.4 million Americans annually. Trauma nurses caring for these patients routinely perform serial neurologic assessments, including pupillary examinations. While trauma nurses are likely familiar with basic components of the pupillary examination, some confusion about more specific aspects of the examination and the physiologic basis of the pupil...

AIM To perform ultrasound biomicroscopic analysis of pseudophakic pupillary block glaucoma induced by lens capsule and a Soemmering's ring and its resolution, and to elucidate the pathophysiology of this glaucoma. METHODS A woman with pseudophakic pupillary block glaucoma underwent successful neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser photodisruption of the lens capsule through a laser iridotomised colobom...

The pupillary light response is often assumed to be a reflex that is not susceptible to cognitive influences. In line with recent converging evidence, we show that this reflexive view is incomplete, and that the pupillary light response is modulated by covert visual attention: Covertly attending to a bright area causes a pupillary constriction, relative to attending to a dark area under identic...

In the eye, it has been previously reported that exposure to a cholinesterase inhibitor results in a reduced miotic response following prolonged exposure and a decreased miotic response to the cholinergic agonists. However, no studies exist that characterize the effect of a single low-level vapor exposure to a nerve agent on parasympathetic function in the eye or determine the threshold dose fo...

PURPOSE To compare the clinical outcomes of aberration-free ablation profiles based on the normal corneal vertex (CV) and the pupil center (PC) in relation to laser in situ keratomileusis. Aberration-free aspheric ablation treatments were performed in all cases. METHODS Two myopic astigmatism groups (CV centered using the offset between pupil center and normal corneal vertex and PC centered u...

Multiple-unit recordings were obtained from the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, nucleus of Darkschewitsch and the superior colliculus of the cat during acquisition of classically conditioned pupillary dilation. Multiple-unit responses in all regions were enhanced by conditioning procedures. However, only the acquisition functions for the accessory oculomotor nuclei, i.e., interstitial nucleus of...

An 86-year-old man with a Binkhorst 2-loop intraocular lens (IOL) that was implanted in the pupillary sphincter 33 years earlier was examined. The pupil of the implanted eye with the Binkhorst IOL was irregular and the eye had pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome. Pupillary erosion resulted from rubbing of the IOL edge against the pupillary sphincter with PEX material. The IOL was removed because o...