We demonstrate that including continuous and discrete tunnel barrier height distributions in otherwise traditional tunneling formalisms enables straightforward modeling of several phenomena important to tunneling. Random barrier height inhomogeneities significantly impact the tunneling conductance, as evidenced by ideal tunneling models extracting faulty barrier parameters, with the incurred er...

Maximal- and minimal-height distributions (MAHD, MIHD) of two-dimensional interfaces grown with the nonlinear equations of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ, second order) and of Villain-Lai-Das Sarma (VLDS, fourth order) are shown to be different. Two universal curves may be MAHD or MIHD of each class depending on the sign of the relevant nonlinear term, which is confirmed by results of several lattice...

The findings of the Nadi Vijnana of 53 asymptotic adult males were compared with the results of the radial pulse pressure wave analysis by Fourier analysis and 1(st) differentiation of the original waves. There are significant differences of height and latency of peaks among some pulse diagnosis findings. The possibility to calculate the Dosa balance and the conditions of Subdosa Dhatu of the b...

Abstract. The printed optical particle spectrometer (POPS) is a lightweight, low-cost instrument for measurements of aerosol number concentrations and size distributions. This work reports on modifications the Handix Scientific commercial version POPS to facilitate its use in multi-instrument sampling systems. flow system modified by replacing internal pump with needle valve vacuum pump. integr...

The performance of an energy sensitive, niobium superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detector is investigated by measuring the pulse height produced by impacting molecular and atomic ions at different kinetic energies. Ions are produced by laser desorption and matrix-assisted laser desorption in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Our results show that the STJ detector pulse height decreases f...

Human subjects performed step-tracking movements of the wrist in the radial direction. Movement amplitude, external load, and accuracy instructions were varied. We used surface electrodes to record muscle activity from an agonist, extensor carpi radialis longus, and an antagonist, extensor carpi ulnaris. When subjects performed movements “as fast as possible” that were opposed by different exte...

Sieve trays are widely used in the gas- liquid contactors such as distillation and absorption towers. In this article, a three-dimensional, two phase CFD model using Euler-Euler framework was developed to simulate a distillation tower with two sieve trays. Hydrodynamic simulation of air and water system in different rates of gas phase was carried out and velocity distribution parameters, clear ...

A number of methods to improve excitation homogeneity in high-field MRI have been proposed, and some of these methods rely on separate control of radiofrequency (RF) coils in a transmit array. In this work we combine accurate RF field calculations and the Bloch equation to demonstrate that by using a sequence of pulses with individually optimized current distributions (i.e., an array-optimized ...