Currently, paper consumption is globally increasing and at an unsustainable level. However, traditional production could release excessive greenhouse gas emissions or wastewater, resulting in environmental contamination. To make the result more visual persuasive, this study takes Time magazine as example to analyze impacts of papermaking process on environment. This analyzes energy from several...

The Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) procedure was used to compare waste management options for kraft pulp mill sludge following its anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion of sludge is advantageous because it produces biogas that may be used to generate electricity, heat and biofuels. However, adequate management of the digested sludge is essential. Landfill disposal is a non-sustainab...

Xylanases have important industrial applications but are most extensively utilized in the pulp and paper industry as a pre-bleaching agent. We characterized a xylanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain SK-3 and studied it for kraft pulp bleaching. The purified enzyme had a molecular weight of ~50 kDa with optimal activity at pH 9.0 and 50 °C. The enzyme showed good activity retention (85%)...

Abstract Thai cassava starch industry generates solid waste or pulp approximately of 9.5 Mt/y (with a moisture content 70–80%). Biogas production technology has been introduced for several decades in Thailand. However, the implementation biogas using as feedstock is still limited due to complex lignocellulosic structure, which diminishes hydrolysis. This work investigated from 50-m 3 pilot-scal...

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank Joyashree Roy, Ernst Worrell, Puran Mongia, and Marta Khrushch for their valuable assistance and comments on previous drafts of this paper. Abstract Historical estimates of productivity growth in India's pulp and paper sector vary from indicating an improvement to a decline in the sector's productivity. The variance may be traced to the time p...

This paper presents an overview of different modelling and simulation (M & S) methods used in water treatment. Special emphasis is on pulp and paper industry. In chemical water treatment, M & S is successfully used in control design. Hybrid models based on a cascade approach are needed in biological wastewater treatment to cover different operating conditions. Uncertainty handling needs to be i...

The number of external noise sources of a paper making line is typically around 80 pcs. The major ones are process and machine room ventilation and vacuum pump exhausts. The noise control targets will dictate the scope and costs of sound attenuation. Considerable cost reductions can be achieved if the noise control design starts at the early stage of a project. Additionally, depending on the no...