Construction initiation (CI) of floor area is an important socioeconomic and physical characteristic of urban structure and its evolution. Despite its importance and the availability of CI data, it has not attracted significant attention until now. Since the 1970s, the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality and Israel Central Bureau of Statistics have collected annual CI data pertaining to residential and ...

Among the core functions of the World Health Organization (WHO) are to provide “leadership on matters critical to health” and to shape “the research agenda and stimulate the generation, translation, and dissemination of valuable knowledge” in the interest of global public health [1]. These mandates have converged, of late, in the area of data sharing. In April 2015, the WHO adopted a position o...

Internet technologies provide opportunities to improve teaching and learning of the principal competencies in a graduate-level, professional education. Epidemiology is a core area of public health education. We designed Epiville as a set of interactive web-based exercises employed as weekly homework assignments at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. Its four key components, n...

Economic evaluation (EE)/cost effectiveness analysis(CEA) of healthcare programmes is an emerging area, yet the resource base to apprehend EE/CEA is very limited in Pakistan. This paper attempts to fill this gap by providing a basic text in the field of EE with special reference to Pakistan. We used four dimensional criteria (available, relevant, complete and accurate) for reviewing the EE cont...

At the dawn of the 21st century, globalisation is a word that has become a part of everyday communication in all corners of the world. It is a concept that for some holds the promise of a new and brighter future, while for others it represents a threat that needs to be confronted and counteracted. In the area of public health, a wide range of claims have been made about the various impacts, bot...

This article presents a secure mutual testing strategy for System-on-Chips (SoCs) that implement cryptographic functionalities. Such approach eliminates the need for an additional trusted component that is used to test security sensitive cores in a SoC, like symmetric and public-key cryptographic modules. We combine two test approaches: Logic Built In Self Test (BIST) and secure scan-chain base...

Intelligent Transport Services expect availability of the secure seamless communications solutions typically covering widely spread areas. Different ITS solutions require different portfolio of telecommunications service quality. These parameters have to correspond with ITS service performance parameters required by specific service. Even though quite extensive range of public wireless data ser...