PURPOSE To characterize the interaction between tiagabine (TGB) and valproate (VPA)--two antiepileptic drugs in the mouse pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizure model, type I isobolographic analysis for non-parallel dose-response relationship curves (DRRCs) was used. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clonic seizures were evoked in albino Swiss mice by subcutaneous injection of PTZ at its CD97 (10...

Introduction: In the Kindling-induced seizure model, low and repeated electrical or chemical stimulations, can elevate the neural network excitability and induce epileptiform seizures. Opioid receptors are widely distributed in different areas of the brain. On the other hand, morphine has paradoxical effects and induces elevation or alleviation of the pain sensation and excitability, at differe...

Kindling, a sub threshold chemical or electrical stimulation, increases seizure duration and enhances accompanied behavior until it reaches a sort of equilibrium state. The present study aimed to explore the effect of curcumin on the development of kindling in PTZ kindled rats and its role in apoptosis and neuronal damage. In a PTZ kindled Wistar rat model, different doses of curcumin (100, 200...

This study investigated the anticonvulsant activity and possible mechanism of action of an aqueous solution of Dorema ammoniacum gum (DAG) which has been used traditionally in the treatment of convulsions. In this study, the anticonvulsant activity of DAG was examined using the pentylentetrazole (PTZ) model in mice. Thirty male albino mice were divided randomly and equally to 5 groups, and pret...

Although physical activity and creatine supplementation have been a documented beneficial effect on neurological disorders, its implications for epilepsy are still controversial. Thus, we decided to investigate the effects of 6 weeks swimming training, creatine supplementation (300 mg/kg; p.o.) or its combination seizures and neurochemical alterations induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). We foun...

Objectives: To study the anti-convulsant potential of leaves of Psidium guajava Linn. in MES and PTZ induced convulsion in experimental animals. Materials and methods: The anticonvulsant potential of the ethanolic extracts of Psidium guajava Linn. (EEPG) were tested in the mice model of Maximal electroshock (MES) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). In the MES model, seizures were induced by deliverin...

Cyclooxygenases (COX)-1 and -2 are isoenzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins (PGs). COX-2 and PGs are rapidly increased following seizures and are known to play important roles in the neuroinflammatory process. COX-2 isoform has been predominantly explored as the most suitable target for pharmacological intervention in epilepsy studies, while COX-1 remains ...

Epilepsy as well as chronic use of most antiepileptic drugs, particularly in children, predisposes to cognitive impairment. The brain is considered abnormally sensitive to oxidative stress and damage which observed during seizure activity. Omega-3 (OM3) fatty acids are known antioxidants that play a role in nervous system activity, cognitive development, memory-related learning, and synaptic tr...

Recurrent seizure activity has been shown to induce a variety of permanent structural changes in the brain. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) function to promote neuronal plasticity, primarily through cleavage of extracellular matrix proteins. Here, we investigated the role of MMP-9 in the development of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindled seizure in mice. Repeated treatment with PTZ (40 mg...