As a complementary medical procedure, acupuncture has a significant impact on the treatment of acute and chronic pain. Though the physiological mechanisms behind this method are still unclear, acupuncture has been claimed to rely also on changes in the central nervous system. Recent functional imaging studies indicate that the so-called default mode network (DMN) which consists of cortical midl...

BACKGROUND A metabolomic study of biomarkers associated with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats was performed using GC-MS. The clinical chemistry of the collected blood and the histopathology of excised liver samples were examined, and urine samples were prepared by solvent extraction. RESULTS Through pattern analysis, the DMN-treated group was divided i...

Chronic medical conditions and/or their treatments may interact with aging to alter or even accelerate brain senescence. Adult onset cancer, for example, is a disease associated with advanced aging and emerging evidence suggests a profile of subtle but diffuse brain injury following cancer chemotherapy. Breast cancer is currently the primary model for studying these "chemobrain" effects. Given ...

Flavobacteria that were able to grow on 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene (2,6-DMN) were isolated from soil. Most were able to oxidize a broad range of aromatic hydrocarbons after growth on 2,6-DMN at rates comparable to that of the oxidation of 2,6-DMN itself. One small group was neither able to grow on naphthalene nor able to oxidize this compound after growth on 2,6-DMN, but metabolized 2,6-DMN by a p...

Background: Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) is a potent member of nitrosamine family, which has toxic and carcinogenic potential. Several beneficial effects of statins have been described in patients with chronic kidney disease and in experimental models. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of Simvastatin (SMN), Nigella Sativa Oil (NSO) and Thymoquinone (TQ) on DMN-induced ...

BACKGROUND The cerebral network that is active during rest and is deactivated during goal-oriented activity is called the default mode network (DMN). It appears to be involved in self-referential mental activity. Atypical functional connectivity in the DMN has been observed in schizophrenia. One hypothesis suggests that pathologically increased DMN connectivity in schizophrenia is linked with a...

Many gastrointestinal stimuli result in gastric fundic relaxation. This information is integrated at the interface of vagal afferents and efferents in the dorsal vagal complex. Substance P (SP) is present in this region, and the neurokinin(1) receptor (NK(1)R) is highly expressed in preganglionic neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMN). However, its functional effects on vagal mo...

Background The diagnostic entity of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) presents an annual conversion rate to Alzheimer’s disease about 10-15%. Considering that a-MCI may correspond the prodromal stage disease, understanding associated functional brain changes becomes relevant in context early detection this type dementia. Consequently, aim work was explore connectivity a-MCI, 3 closely ...

Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was mutagenic in the Salmonella plate incorporation assay (Ames test) at a level of 10 mumol/plate (3.7 mM) in the presence of hamster liver S-9. Mutagenicity of DMN at this level was not observed when the S-9 was derived from mouse or rat liver, although the mouse liver and hamster liver S-9 had similar DMN demethylase activities. Both mouse and rat liver S-9 inhibite...