Two rumen protozoa vaccine formulations containing either whole fixed Entodinium or mixed rumen protozoa cells were tested on Merino sheep with the aim of decreasing the number and/or activity of protozoa in the rumen. Negative control (no antigen) and positive control (Tetrahymena corlissi antigens) treatments were also included in the experiment. Blood and saliva were sampled to measure the s...

The market of mineral fertilizers is developing rapidly, which contributed to the growth agricultural production in general and demand world particular. As a result, supply on market, formed due its own import products, grew.
 Chemical companies, taking into account current situation, have shifted from insolvent domestic as result this segment has provided, along with metallurgical industr...

intestinal parasitosis has been a major public health problem in iran. it is necessary to evaluate an up-date data in this regard to be used by local authorities. serum ige determinations and coproparasitological analyses were conducted on 1200 individuals in city of ghaemshahr, mazandaran province, northern iran. a total of 1200 subjects were taken stool samples for three days consecutively. t...

THE comparative investigations of Eggleton and Eggletonw, Meyerhof and Lohmanndi), Meyerhof (io), and Needham, Needham, Baldwin and Yudkin (n) have established a considerable body of information concerning the distribution of the phosphagens in the animal kingdom, and the character and implications of this knowledge have recently been analysed by Needham and Needham (13). But from all discussio...

For novel biotechnology-based termite control, we developed a cellulose bait containing freeze-dried genetically engineered yeast which expresses a protozoacidal lytic peptide attached to a protozoa-recognizing ligand. The yeast acts as a 'Trojan-Horse' that kills the cellulose-digesting protozoa in the termite gut, which leads to the death of termites, presumably due to inefficient cellulose d...

Recently, emerging waterborne protozoa, such as microsporidia, Cyclospora, and Cryptosporidium, have become a challenge to human health worldwide. Rapid, simple, and economical detection methods for these major waterborne protozoa in environmental and clinical samples are necessary to control infection and improve public health. In the present study, we developed a multiplex PCR test that is ab...

TiiK term " leptospirosis" means infection by that group of spirochetes known as Leptospira. For many years there was much discussion as to whether spirochetes should be classed among protozoa or among the non-protozoal bacteria. Many workers, basing their arguments mainly on Schaudinn's classical paper published in 1905 (i), claimed that they were protozoa: on the other hand, there is strong e...

Intestinal contents were collected from eight impala at three different localities during the winter hunting season (2005-2009), as well as from another 24 animals from a one-year trial at a game farm called Ditholo (2003-2004). Gas production, protozoa counts and several other physiological parameters were measured from both rumen and caecum or colon contents. Only higher ophryoscolecid an...