condensing flows in nozzles and fixed blades of steam turbine have always been the subject of many studies.in such flows, existence of liquid phase in vapor changes the nature of the flow. the major of changes are due to four main mechanisms included nucleation, droplet growth, coalescence and breakage of droplets. in this paper,the effects of coalescence process between droplets have been inve...

the paper is focused on the formation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (hap) in polyelectrolyte-modified microemulsions, in a microemulsion template phase consisting of cyclohexane, water, cationic surfactant and cosurfactant, in the presence of na-polyacrylate (paa) as an anionic polyelectrolyte. it is shown that paa, can be incorporated into the individual inverse microemulsion droplets. the m...

  Spreading and coating of nano and micro droplets on solid surfaces is important in a wide variety of applications including plasma spray coating, ink jet printing, DNA synthesis and etc. In spraying processes, most of droplets collide obliquely to the surface. The purpose of this article is to study the distribution of nano and micro droplets spreading when droplets impact at an oblique a...

Freezing injury, in onion bulb tissue, is known to cause enhanced K(+) efflux accompanied by a small but significant loss of Ca(2+) following incipient freezing injury and swelling of protoplasm during the postthaw secondary injury. The protoplasmic swelling of the cell is thought to be caused by the passive influx of extracellular K(+) into the cell followed by water uptake. Using outer epider...

Background/introduction An approach of drug delivery to hypovascular tumor tissues is proposed. For such tumor tissues, it is difficult to deliver anti-tumor agents at enough concentration and duration by either systemic or local administration. If we could manipulate the distribution of locally injected drugs by ultrasound, an efficient drug therapy would be possible. We have found that locall...