Although during recent years in the field of special education there has been much debate regarding inclusion and people’s beliefs around disability, it is suggested that what has been lacking in many of the discussions is any coherent guiding philosophy that helps direct research in this area. The paper proposes that critical realism, developed by philosopher Roy Bhaskar, may provide such a fr...

Proteins are long chains of Amino Acids (AA). There are 20 different AAs that serve as building blocks for proteins. Each AA has a specific chemical structure which contains a carbon backbone similar to all amino acids and a residue which varies between the AAs. The length of a protein chain can range from 50 to 1000-3000 AA (200 on the average). Proteins are known to have many important functi...

The structure and assembly of bacteriophage T4 has been extensively studied. However, the detailed structure of the portal protein remained unknown. Here we report the structure of the bacteriophage T4 portal assembly, gene product 20 (gp20), determined by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to 3.6 Å resolution. In addition, analysis of a 10 Å resolution cryo-EM map of an empty prolate T4 head s...

Research strongly supports including students with extensive support needs in general education settings and providing them access to the general curriculum. Yet, there is limited research indicating how to provide them authentic access to this curriculum. This article explores several instructional approaches to provide access including (a) use of existing general education practices with stud...

As state legislatures across the United States continue to permit younger juvenile defendants to be tried in adult court, juvenile competence to stand trial has become an issue of increasing legal and forensic significance. This study examined competency to stand trial in a sample of preadjudicated and petitioned juvenile defendants. Results revealed that juveniles deemed unfit to stand trial w...

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of reading racetracks on the sight word acquisition and fluency of two elementary students who qualified for special education services. An ABABA’ reversal, single subject design provided data on the number of words the participants read correctly during a 1-minute timing as well as his or her error rate during that same 1-minute t...