DNA sequence, containing all genetic traits is not a functional entity. Instead, it transfers to protein sequences by transcription and translation processes. This protein sequence takes on a 3D structure later, which is a functional unit and can manage biological interactions using the information encoded in DNA. Every life process one can figure is undertaken by proteins with specific functio...

Appearing as a computational microscope, MD simulation can ‘zoom in’ to atomic resolution to assess detailed interactions of a membrane protein with its surrounding lipids, which play important roles in the stability and function of such proteins. This study has employed the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, to determine the effect of added DMPC or DMTAP molecules on the structure of D...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different levels of starter protein and amounts of milk fed on animal health, fecal score, immune responses and microbial population in the rumen of Holstein male calves. Two levels of starter crude protein (17 and 20% of starter dry matter (DM) and two levels of milk fed (7 and 10% of body weight) were combined in a 2 × 2 factorial exp...

It is well-known that the typical protein’s three-dimensional structure is relatively unstable in harsh conditions. A practical approach to maintain the folded state and thus improve the stability and activity of proteins in unusual circumstances is to directly apply stabilizing substances such as osmolytes to the protein-containing solutions. Osmolytes as natural occurring organic molecules ty...

Proteomics enables understanding the composition, structure, function and interactions of the entire protein complement of a cell, a tissue, or an organism under exactly defined conditions. Some factors such as stress or drug effects will change the protein pattern and cause the present or absence of a protein or gradual variation in abundances. Changes in the proteome provide a snapshot of the...