The traditional treatment of mistakes in Anglo-American jurisprudence has been as follows.3 If one engages in the prohibited conduct by mistake (as to what conduct one is engaging in), or causes the harm the law seeks to avoid by mistake (as to the riskiness of one's conduct), then, unless the crime requires the specific intent to engage in the particular conduct or cause the harm, in which cas...

In this paper, part-of-speech (POS) information is used to improve the performance of a Japanese language model (LM). The POS bigram is used to tackle the sparseness problem of the training data. Additionally, due to the characteristics of the Japanese language, part of the Japanese syntax information can be integrated into the POS bigram, through POS combination rules. Based on the Japanese sy...

BACKGROUND Currently, urine and blood are the only matrices authorized for antidoping testing by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Although the usefulness of urine and blood is proven, issues remain for monitoring some drug classes and for drugs prohibited only in competition. The alternative matrix oral fluid (OF) may offer solutions to some of these issues. OF collection is easy, noninvasi...

In this paper we consider the problem of deadlockfree unicast wormhole routing in computer networks with irregular topologies, such as Networks of Workstations (NOWs). The proposed algorithm consists of two stages. At the first stage, we minimize the set of turns in the network graph which should be prohibited for deadlock prevention by breaking all cycles in the channel dependency graph. Propo...

usury is prohibited in islam and other divine religions. however, the financial system which is common in today's world, especially in west, is founded on the basis of usury. in effect, it is the features present in usurious loans that seduce uncommitted capitalists into preferring this kind of contract to other methods of investment. as a matter of fact, such loans need not be supervised ...

In light of the World Anti Doping Agency's 2013 Code Revision process, we critically explore the applicability of two of three criteria used to determine whether a method or substance should be considered for their Prohibited List, namely its (potential) performance enhancing effects and its (potential) risk to the health of the athlete. To do so, we compare two communities of human guinea pigs...