Background: Approximately 3% to 5% of obstetric patients will experience postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Even though the most common reason for postpartum hemorrhage, as the main cause of maternal death, is uterine atony; other complications such as laceration, hematoma, inversion, rupture; retained tissue or invasive placenta; and coagulopathy may result in PPH. The main cause of retained placent...

objective of the present study was to determine calving parameters in eighteen large dairy herds of holstein friesian in tabriz. data analysis showed that the mean gestations length were 276.69 ± 6.29, 279.54 ± 8.55 and 271.38 ± 7.34 days in multipara cows and twining pregnancy respectively. percent of premature birth were 24.14% in twining (28 cases out of in 116 births), 9.61% in heifers (114...

Over a period of two years, growth rate and health were measured for dairy calves allowed to suckle their mothers up to 6-8 weeks of age. Thirty-one calves were weighted weekly, and the mean daily growth rate was 1.2 +/- 0.03 kg from birth up to 13 weeks of age. Illness in calves and young stock was not observed. In the cows, the mean incidences of ketosis, displaced abomasum, puerperal paresis...

The immune system during the periparturient period is impaired. At this time the most important factor causing immune-suppression in highly productive cows is metabolic stress resulting from hormonal and metabolic fluctuations, a negative energy balance, shortage of proteins, minerals and vitamins which are required to meet the demands of the fetus as well as the onset of lactation. This stress...

There is an intricate relationship between milk production, fertility and survival of cows, which is further confounded by management decisions on the farm. Holsteinization and selection for high milk production can be associated with reduction in cow fertility (Pryce et al., 1998; Silvia, 1998; Harris and Winkelman, 2000) because of its impact on physiological factors affecting reproduction su...