As listening comprehension plays an indispensable role in language learning, the way in which language instructors cover teaching listening comprehension has been controversial; the recent study selected two approaches to associate listening comprehension tactics: product-oriented and process-oriented. A quasi-experimental design was adopted to get to the objectives. Using a random procedure, 1...

Particles labelled 1 · · · n are arranged initially in increasing order. Subsequently, each pair of neighbouring particles that is currently in increasing order swaps according to a Poisson process of rate 1. We analyze the asymptotic behaviour of this process as n → ∞. We prove that the space-time trajectories of individual particles converge (when suitably scaled) to a certain family of rando...

We propose decision-oriented process modelling as a step towards human-centered process management, and demonstrate some implications of this model for the interaction between process modelling, process enactment, and process performance in a CASE environment. We also discuss the potential our approach offers for experiencebased process improvement.